Meridiansnittet XXVIII, Pl. XLI, der viser Tæt- 
hedens Fordeling, er særdeles oplysende med Hensyn til 
Motivet for de opstigende og nedstigende Bevægelser. 
Under 64" Bredde have vi et Maximum af Tæthed 
og Maximum af Tryk. Det tungeste Vand synker ned gjen- 
nem det mindre tunge. 
Under 689 Bredde have vi et Minimum af Tæthed. 
Her, hvor ogsaa Trykket har sit Minimum, stiger det let- 
tere Vand tilvejrs. 
Under 709 Bredde have vi et Maximum af Tæthed, 
og der er et Maximum af Tryk. Det tungere Vand syn- 
ker ned, omgivet af lettere. 
Under 74° til 75° Bredde have vi et Minimum af 
Tæthed. Her er, ved Trykkets Minimum, det lettere Vand 
1 Opstigning. 
Og under 76" til 77" Bredde have vi et Maximum af 
Tæthed, et Maximum af Tryk og det tungere Vand syn- 
kende nedad. 
Sammenligne vi dernæst Tversnittene, der vise Tem- 
peraturens, Saltholdighedens og Tæthedens Fordeling tvers 
paa Meridianerne, med Trykkenes Fordeling i de dybere 
Lag, saa er følgende at bemerke. 
I Tversnit X kommer paa Vestsiden koldt og noget 
mindre salt Vand ned fra Jan Mayen Renden. Paa Øst- 
siden drages det kolde Bundvand opad langs Bundens 
Skraaning, henimod Trykminimet under 68° Bredde. I 
Midten udover Dybets Trykmaximum sin nedadforende Virk- 
ning paa Temperatur og Saltholdighed. 
I Tversnit XIII se vi paa vestre Side Virkningen af 
Vandet fra Jan Mayen Renden, der er varmest og saltest 
ved selve Jan Mayen-Banken. Paa Østsiden løfte Tsother- 
merne og Isosalinerne sig under Indflydelse af Trykkets 
Minimum under 68° Bredde. Tæthedernes Fordeling her 
(Pl. XXXIX) give Billedet af opstigende Bobler af lettere 
Vand. 
I Tversnit XV sees Virkningen af Trykkets Maximum 
i Isothermernes og Isosalinernes Sænkning mod Dybet. 
Under Jan Mayen, hvor det er Polarstrømmens kolde Vand, 
der er i Synkende under Trykmaximum, frembringes Kulde- 
grader fra øverst til nederst. Det tætteste Vand befinder 
sig 1 Midten af Snittet mellem Jan Mayen og Norge. 
I Tversnit XVII se vi Isothermerne mellem Meri- 
dianerne 5° W og 5° E løfte sig under Trykkets Minimum. 
Vestenfor ligger Polarvandets kolde og saltfattigere Lag. 
Østenfor ligger varmere og saltholdigere Vand. med ned- 
stigende Tendents, under et Trykmaximum med absolut 
Tæthedsmaximum. 
179 
its similar relations. Hence, the stronger vertical motions 
in the deep produce corresponding vertical motions in the 
upper strata. 
The meridional section XXVIII, Pl. XLI, showing 
the distribution of density, is remarkably elucidative as 
regards the cause of the upward and downward motions. 
In lat. 64° N, we have a maximum of density and 
a maximum of pressure. 
the lightest. 
In lat. 68° N, we have a minimum of density. Here, 
The heayiest water sinks through 
where the pressure too has its minimum, the lighter 
water ascends. 
In lat. 70° N, 
conjunction with a maximum of pressure. 
water sinks, surrounded by lighter. 
a maximum of density, in 
The heavier 
we have 
In lat. 74° to 75° N, we have a minimum of density. 
Here, at the minimum-pressure, the lighter water is rising. 
And from lat. 76° to 779 N, we have likewise a 
maximum of density and a maximum of pressure, with the 
heavier water sinking down. 
Now, if we next compare the transverse sections, 
showing the distribution of the temperature, the amount 
of salt, and the density across the meridians, with the 
maps showing the distribution of pressure in the deeper 
strata. the following remarks are called for. 
In Transverse Section X, water both cold and con- 
taining a somewhat less proportion of salt flows down from 
the Jan-Mayen Channel. On the east side, the cold bot- 
tom-water is drawn up along the slope of the bed towards 
the middle, the 
maximum of pressure in the deep exerts its downward 
the pressure-minimum, lat. 68° N. In 
effect on the temperature and amount of salt. 
In Transverse Section XIII, we observe on the west side 
the effect of the water from the Jan-Mayen Channel, which 
is warmest and saltest on the Jan-Mayen Bank itself. 
On the east side, the isotherms and the lines of equal 
specific gravity rise under the influence of the minimum- 
pressure lat. 68° N. The distribution of density here (PI. 
XXXIX) shows, so to speak, ascending bubbles of lighter 
water. 
In Transverse Section XV, we see the effect of the 
maximum-pressure in the descent of the isotherms and the 
lines of equal specific gravity towards the deep. Off 
Jan-Mayen, where the cold water of the Polar current 
sinks, acted on by the pressure-maximum, degrees below 
zero occur from the surface to the bottom. The water 
of greatest density occupies the mid-part of the section, 
between Jan Mayen and Norway. 
In Transverse Section XVII, the isotherms between 
the meridians 5° W and 5° E are seen to rise from the 
action of the minimum-pressure. Farther west, extend the 
cold strata of the Polar current, containing a less amount 
of salt. Farther east, there is warmer water, richer in salt, 
having a downward tendency, caused by a pressure-maximum 
along with an absolute density-maximum. 
