Mayen Renden og fra Trykkets Maximum østenfor Jan 
Mayen bevæge sig cyclonisk tvers over Bækkenet til Tryk- 
kets Minimum. Vi se Virkningen heraf 1 Isothermernes 
og Isosalinernes Opadbøjning paa dette Strøg. 
I Lofotdybet har Trykket sit Maximum 1 den øst- 
ligste Del og aftager vestover. Bevægelsen er her vest- 
gaaende og nedstigende. Den 
mumsvirkning (Isothermernes dybeste Punkt) desto længere 
vest, jo større Dybden er. Se Tversnit XV, Pl. XI. I 1000 
Favnes Dyb ligger Maximumstemperaturen 1 en større Af- 
udøver saaledes sin Maxi- 
stand fra Banken. I Rummet mellem begge suges, ved 
den vestgaaende Bevægelse, koldere Vand ind fra Dybet 
og fra Siderne. 
Langs Banken op mod Spidsbergen gaar Bevægelsen 
nordover, for den største Del med aftagende Tryk og med 
samme Virkning som i 500 Favnes Dyb, nemlig Tunge af 
relativ højere Temperatur med Opsugning af koldere Vand 
langs Banken. ~ 
Trykkets Minimum 1 74° Bredde bringer Ishavets kol- 
deste Vand op til højere Niveauer, medens det lille Tryk- 
maximum i 77° Bredde holder Temperaturen forholdsvis høj. 
Om Hastigheden af Bevægelserne i 1000 Favnes Dyb 
er det vanskeligt at dømme, da de verticale Bevægelser 
ere saa tremtrædende. En Sammenligning mellem Isobar- 
systemerne 1 1000 og i 500 Favnes Dyb antyder nærmest, 
at Hastighederne i 1000 Favnes Dyb skulde være endnu 
noget mindre end i 500 Favnes. 
I 1500 Faynes Dyb ere Nordhavets tvende Bassiner 
adskilte fra hverandre (Pl. XLVII). I det sydlige, Norske- 
Dybet, have vi et Isobar-, Strøm- og Temperatur-System, 
der ganske ligner det 1 1000 Favne. Temperaturmaximum 
ved 719 Bredde ligger lidt vestligere; da den nedstigende 
Bevægelse foregaar 1 denne Retning. 
gerne under Trykmaximum i Lofotdybet ere antagelig i 
1500 Favnes Dyb forholdsvis sterkt udviklede, da Bunden 
kun ligger lidet dybere. 
Reactionsstrømnin- 
I det nordre Bækken, Svenskedybet, er der ved Syd- 
vestranden et sterkt udviklet Trykminimum, 1 dets nord- 
lige Del et mindre Trykmaximum. Paa Bækkenets vestre 
Side ere Gradienterne sterkere end paa dets østre. Be- 
vægelsen maa derfor gaa paa Vestsiden mod Syd og opad, 
paa Østsiden mod Nord og nedad. Temperaturen (Pl. XXIV) 
er overensstemmende hermed lavest paa Vestsiden og højest 
paa Østsiden. 
I 1500 Favnes Dyb ere Gradienterne aabenbart bety- 
delig sterkere end i 1000 Favnes Dyb. Imidlertid gaar, 
som vi have seet, Bevægelsen for en stor Del imod Gra- 
dienten. De effective Gradienter blive derfor kun For- 
skjellen mellem Gradienternes Størrelse paa modsatte Sider 
af Bækkenerne. Og disse Forskjeller blive ringe. Sam- 
tidig hermed vil Frictionens Virkning blive merkeligere, 
paa Grund af den større Nærhed til Havbunden. Herefter 
Mayen Channel and from the maximum of pressure east 
of Jan Mayen can move cyclonically straight across the 
basin to the minimum of pressure. The effect of this we 
see in the curving upward of the isotherms and the lines 
of equal salinity throughout this tract. 
In the Lofoten Deep, the pressure has its maximum 
in the eastern part, diminishing towards the west. The 
motion is here westerly and downward. Hence the greater 
the depth, the farther west it produces its maximum effect 
(deepest point of isotherms). — See Transverse Section 
XV, Pl. XI. At a depth of 1000 fathoms, the tempera- 
ture-maximum lies at a considerable distance from the bank. 
In the space between, colder water is sucked in by the 
westward motion from the deep and from the sides. 
Along the bank, in the direction of Spitzbergen, the 
motion sets northward, chiefly with diminishing pressure, 
and with the same effect as at a depth of 500 fathoms, 
viz., a tongue of relatively higher temperature, with colder 
water drawn up by suction along the bank. 
The minimum of pressure in lat. 74° N brings up 
the coldest water of the Arctic Ocean to higher levels, 
whereas the minor pressure-maximum in lat. 77° N keeps 
the temperature comparatively high. 
As regards the velocity of motion at a depth of 1000 
fathoms, it is difficult to form any just conclusion, the verti- 
cal motions being so prominent there. A comparison be- 
tween the isobar-systems at a depth of 1000 fathoms and 
of 500 fathoms, would seem however to indicate that the 
velocity at a depth of 1000 fathoms is somewhat less than 
at a depth of 500 fathoms. 
At a depth of 1500 fathoms, the two basins of the 
North Ocean are separated one from the other (Pl. XL VIL). 
In the southern, or the Norway Deep, we have an isobar, 
a current, and a temperature-system, much resembling 
that at 1000 fathoms, The temperature-maximum in lat. 
71° N lies a little farther west, the downward motion 
proceeding in that direction. The reaction-currents beneath 
the pressure-maximum in the Lofoten Deep, are, it may be 
assumed, at a depth of 1500 fathoms, by comparison highly 
developed, since the bottom lies but very little deeper. 
In the northern basin — the Swedish Deep — occurs 
at its south-west margin a strongly developed pressure- 
minimum, in its northern part a minor pressure-maximum. 
On the west side of the basin, the gradients are steeper 
than on the east. The motion must, therefore, on the west 
side, proceed towards the south, and upwards; on the east 
side towards the north, and downwards. The temperature 
(Pl. XXIV), in conformity herewith, is lowest on the west 
side and highest on the east. 
At a depth of 1500 fathoms, the gradients are man- 
ifestly much steeper than at a depth of 1000 fathoms. 
Meanwhile, the motion proceeds to a great extent, as we 
have seen, against the gradient. Hence, the effective gradi- 
ents are merely the difference between the magnitudes of the 
gradients on opposite sides of the basins. And these dif- 
ferences are but trifling. Moreover, the effect of friction 
will be more sensible from the greater proximity to the 
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