CHINO-JAPANESE WAR. 387 
of land mines had been exploded. The shock staggered them for a 
moment, but no one seemed to be hurt, and without a pause they 
rushed forward into the fort. But the Chinese had just gone. 
Much the same sort of thing had been happening further east where 
the left column had been attacking, and all the land forts were in 
possession of the Japanese by about half-past eleven. After this there 
was a general movement forward from all sides; most of the Ist division 
was collected in the big Chinese parade ground, but two battalions 
moved on to Cairn hill. 
It was expected that the Chinese would make a stand in Wogonzan 
fort on the east side of the entrance of the harbour, a fort that stood 
up about 360 feet high and would have been a very difficult nut to 
crack. (This fort had made itself very unpleasant when Isuzan was 
taken by keeping up an accurate fire from some 5-inch guns which 
effectually prevented the Japanese from remaining in the captured 
forts.) About 3 o’clock therefore the Field Artillery were taken for- 
ward along the main road to the spur east of Cairn hill in order 
to bombard Wogonzan. 
It soon became apparent, however, that there were no Chinese left 
in the fort, so the final infantry advance was ordered. Two battalions 
went through the town and another skirted the town to the east and 
went straight up into Wogonzan fort, where the men hauled down the 
Chinese flao and substituted a roughly made Japanese one. The 
battalions that went through the town practically gave no quarter, but 
shot down the Chinese indiscriminately. It was a horrible sight to 
witness, but how far the Japanese were justified I can hardly discuss 
here. Certain it is that just before entering the town they came upon 
the heads of four of their own comrades hanging by the lower lips 
from some small trees by the roadside; and it is probable that the 
soldiers of other nations would have been indisposed to give quarter in 
like circumstances. 
We had to go back to Suishiyei for the night, and as we crossed the 
parade ground we found most of the 1st division assembled there, and 
Marshal Oyama with his staff and the other generals all collected in 
the pavilion at the north end. At that moment the band struck up 
the Japanese national air and the whole of the assembled troops spon- 
taneously took off their caps and cheered again and again. It was a 
remarkable scene of enthusiasm. 
During the afternoon news had reached Marshal Oyama that Kinchou 
was being attacked from the north; so troops were sent off as soon 
as possible to assist in its defence; but by the time they arrived all 
danger was over. 
An intensely cold northerly gale got up during the night of the 21st 
and the sufferinys of the Chinese fugitives, who had thrown off their 
thick sheep skins and wadded clothes, in order to run away more easily, 
must have been terrible. 
On the 22nd we moved into Port Arthur. The streets presented a 
ghastly spectacle, and were literally running with blood. 
In going round the Chinese works afterwards it became clear that 
no real stand had been made anywhere—for there were very few dead 
