486 SHRAPNEL FIRE OF FIELD ARTILLERY. 
a very marked improvement on 10°, the angle of opening used through- 
out the calculations for a range of 2,000 yards. 
NOTES. 
(1). The German shrapnel from which Major-General Rohne’s ex- 
amples are worked out appears to be the 1891 pattern, of which the 
bullets are very light, weighing 41 to the lb. against 35 to the lb. for 
the British service shrapnel (of which, by the way, the weights, etc. 
are wrongly given in the Appendix). 
(2). The number of, fragments in the German pattern is taken as 
300, as against 200 for the British service 15-pr. and 150 for the 12-pr. 
It is to be remembered in comparing the effect that each German shell 
fired means 13 lb. more weight expended than our 15-pr. shell, and 
nearly 3 1b. more than our 12-pr. shell. 
(8). The m.v. in the British shell is 1550, the German 1450. This 
increase of velocity taken with our heavy bullets justifies us in extending 
the distance from burst over which our shrapnel bullet is likely to be 
effective. 
(4). Details of the target area covered by the German shell are not 
given in this paper, as they can be readily seen by reference to the 
General’s essay. 
