5 
(24.) As far as the ground will allow, guns are run back by hand before 
limbering up, so as to conceal this operation as far as possible from the enemy. 
(25-26.) The briz.ite division commander conforms as far as possible to the 
instructions given for the first case, having regard to further possible changes of 
position. 
(27-28.) In the final stage of the attack, it is the duty of the brigade 
division commander to send one or two batteries to the immediate support of the 
infantry without waiting for orders. At this period the objective is known, 
dispositions made and the crisis follows, now is the opportunity for subordinate 
commanders to take the initiative. The commanders of the advanced batteries lead 
their guns as close as possible to the enemy’s line, never omitting to take 
advantage of the lie of the ground. An officer’s instinct must be his best guide 
to further the most sacred duty of war—the co-operation of all arms—at the 
moment when the infantry is exposed to the most galling fire. 
(29.) If the attack has succeeded, batteries which have accompanied the 
infantry at once proceed, without waiting for the order, to the conquered position, 
so as to be able to oppose a counter attack or to assist in the pursuit. 
(30.) In the defence, any available time must be made use of to make a 
thorough reconnaissance and to carry out other preliminary operations, The 
brigade division commander studies the probable positions of his opponent and 
particularly reconnoitres any covered position from which the enemy could take 
him in flank by indirect fire and must take the ranges to such positions. Equally 
he must look to means of approach for advancing or retiring to suitable artillery 
positions. Battery commanders must carefully select and mark out sites for their 
guns and take steps to cover the front of their batteries with earthworks, 
beginning by throwing up shelter for the gun numbers, clearing objects which 
might help the enemy to range and selecting as far as possible covered places for 
the limbers. 
(31.) When retiring, brigade division and battery commanders must always 
remain with their batteries in the line of fire, leaving the duty of reconnoitring 
positions in rear to a battery officer. 
Fire Discipline. 
(82.) The brigade division commander decides the objective assigned to the 
brigade division amongst his batteries. This division of target is not to be 
uniform particularly in the artillery duel, it must depend upon what portions can 
be most distinctly seen or have prominent objects about them which define their 
position. 
In any case the brigade division commander endeavours to concentrate his fire 
on the most easily seen part of the object, on to other parts of it a relatively 
feeble fire is directed. 
Asa rule this concentration of fire is to be attained by diminishing, as far as 
observation will permit, the extent of front assigned to each battery. If it can 
be avoided a common object should not be given to two batteries, and under no 
circumstances to batteries which are not contiguous. 
(33.) The brigade division commander gives the signal for the opening of 
fire and orders the rate of fire. 
(34.) Each battery commander regulates the fire of his own battery and 
ranges for himself, except in the case where contiguous batteries are firing at a 
common object. One battery is then told off to find the range, but this does not 
exclude other legitimate proceedings. 
A battery which comes into action alongside another battery ulready engaged 
