14 
It was noticed, however, that, while trees in neighboring 
orchards were seriously infested with cankerworms and to 
a less degree with tent caterpillars, those in the orchard which 
had been frequented by the chickadees during the winter 
and spring were not seriously infested, but that compara- 
tively few of the worms and caterpillars were to be found 
there. 
With the warm south winds of May, many summer birds 
came, settled in the neighborhood and prepared to build their 
nests, among which the following were seen: chickadee, tree 
sparrow, crow, bronze grackle, flicker, red-winged blackbird, 
robin, chipping sparrow, oven-bird, wood thrush, catbird, 
brown thrasher, black-billed cuckoo, yellow-billed cuckoo, 
black and white warbler, yellow warbler, chestnut-sided 
warbler, black-throated green warbler, pine warbler, house 
wren, American redstart, Nashville warbler, golden-winged 
warbler, scarlet tanager, rose-breasted grosbeak, Baltimore 
oriole, blue jay, least flycatcher, wood pewee, pheebe, kingbird 
and downy woodpecker. 
It was noticeable that early in the season, when the webs 
of the tent caterpillar first appeared on the apple and cherry 
trees, the orioles attacked them and devoured a considerable 
number of the hairy young larve. A little later, when the 
cankerworms became more numerous, it seemed as if all the 
birds in the neighborhood were intent on eating cankerworms, 
neglecting to a certain extent the hairy caterpillars. The 
cuckoos, however, seemed to feed impartially on both the 
cankerworm and the tent caterpillar. 
Birds from all quarters in the wood and swamp, orchard 
and field, flocked into the trees infested by cankerworms, 
and there spent a considerable portion of their time. In a 
short time the few cankerworms remaining in the old orchard 
were apparently eaten by birds, and the birds then directed 
their attention to the neighboring orchards, which were 
swarming with the worms. It soon became evident that these 
orchards would be entirely stripped of their leaves, while the 
old orchard retained its full foliage. Thus it was seen that 
the trees to which the chickadees had been lured during the 
winter had been so well protected that the summer birds 
