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numerous upon the twigs, promising a plentiful supply for 
1895. 
Having allowed the insects one year to increase unmolested 
by man, we began in the winter of 1894-95 to encourage the 
presence of birds in the orchard. In 1894 a small tree in 
the center of the orchard had been enclosed by a high board 
fence. The tree thus enclosed was used as an outdoor 
experiment station for observations on the breeding and 
habits of the gypsy moth. During the winter of 1894-95 
Mr. C. E. Bailey made frequent visits to this tree, to ascer- 
tain whether or not the birds were destroying the eggs of 
the gypsy moth. Incidentally, Mr. Bailey observed many 
interesting things in connection with the feeding of birds 
on the eggs, larvee and pupz of insects which winter on 
the trees, and the writer is greatly indebted to him for many 
interesting notes on the feeding of birds in this orchard. 
He is a careful, conscientious observer, and is intimately 
acquainted with most of our native land birds. 
Hunters and trappers are aware that many species of win- 
ter birds, such as titmice, woodpeckers, crows, jays and nut- 
hatches are attracted by a skinned carcass suspended from a 
limb, and will remain in the vicinity until all the bones are 
picked clean, or until, with the approach of spring, insect 
food becomes more accessible. 
The chickadees were seen feeding on the eggs of the fall 
ecankerworm, and Mr. Bailey suspended pieces of meat, bone, 
suet, etc., from the trees to attract the birds to the orchard. 
These food materials are suitable for birds at times when the 
trees are covered with snow or ice, and when, lacking such 
nourishment, they might starve. Although birds will fre- 
quently visit bait provided for them, and in time will eat 
a considerable portion of the meat, they do not depend en- 
tirely on this aliment, but spend the greater part of their time 
in searching for insects and eggs in the immediate vicinity. 
The chickadees, finding a plentiful supply of food, re- 
mained about the orchard most of the winter, except for a 
week or two, when the meat gave out; but they were lured 
back again later by a fresh supply which was placed in the 
