we 
WEST CHICAGO 
ILLINOIS 
many (pomps, especially) suffer so badly in pro- 
duction and spray formation that it is not recom- 
mended at this time. 
Indianapolis Mums seem to be one exception— 
they do well at 50° even in northern winters. 
Lights—Why and How 
Reason for lights: to delay bud formation on 
winter crops till stem elongates. 
How to light: (with separate reflectors) : 
Height 
Watt Spacing above soil 
One 4 ft. bed 60 Every 4 ft. 60 inches 
Two 4 ft. beds 100 Every 6 ft. 60 inches 
One row of lights 
Three 4 ft. beds 150 Every 9 ft. 60 inches 
One row of lights 
Reflectors must be held up off the bulb. Built in 
reflector bulbs may be used. For a 20 ft. wide 
house, a single row of 300 watt reflector bulbs fac- 
ing down at a 45° angle, spaced every 10 ft. will 
do it. Bulbs should be staggered on alternate sides 
of ventilators—not directly under account of rain 
damage to bulbs. Figure about 1'4 watts per 
square foot of ground covered. Indoor type bulbs 
may be used if covered with metal protectors to 
keep water out. Use flood, not spot bulbs. 
It takes 7 foot candles to prevent bud formation. 
On large installations, half the beds may be 
lighted before midnight, half after. This halves 
the demand cost. 
230 volt lines reduce main sizes greatly. 
HOURS OF LIGHT PER NIGHT 
Latitude 35-45° Latitude 25-35° 
North of Charlotte, N. C., 
Memphis, Tenn., Bakers- DeCinghel Gh elect, 41 
field, Calif. Febisahe Sergent tina re 4 
rabid) = AUG an bec annsten ed, cas l Moacch l =site esas. ae 3 
PRICE Weegee cos cen aheeae ors 7 Aptihd 230 soe ee 22 
SEDtie —OCtR Sldsinevessinneos 3 IM Fe ed SR RAS | aot cl 1’ 
UN Tort SST 0 Re PAR aoe 4 June? |l=Joly 3.) sae | 
Bas Pal pierce oes ae eee 5 Align W318i. cance 2. 
OB 2 Siete isle de ticep tees 4 Septal-3O0h...s..e cere 2” 
Moardhighe sdiec:. so.tessnxin cats 3 Ocra = S eee 32 
MOM e163 Diets caer 4 
“Igloo” type supports for black sateen. These sateen igloos serve to 
shorten days on summer-fall crops, also to protect one bed from lights 
that may be necessary for the bed next to it. Also, they support the 
lights themselves. To some extent it is possible to maintain different 
temperatures under the igloo. Many growers prefer individual bed 
shading—there are advantages both ways. 
lit 
Shows details of how igloo supports rest on the bench side. The 12 inch 
piece of angle iron rides on the sideboard, a piece of 11/4 inch pipe is 
welded to it. The leg of the igloo (1 inch) simply slides down into 
the 114 inch pipe. 
Shading Details : 
Why?—to shorten the length of day thus caus- 
ing buds to set. 
How?—the easiest cheapest way you can figure 
out to reduce light to less than 2 foot candle 
from 6 PM to 7 AM. The igloos pictured on this 
page are the best way we've found. They also 
support lights, skinner lines, and help maintain 
desired temperatures in winter. On cloth house 
crops, the Aster cloth (or Saran) is put on the 
igloo first, then Sateen on that. 
During the hot summer months, shade should 
not be applied before 6 PM standard time (not 
daylight). It may be put on at 4 PM (standard 
time) during spring and fall when heat is no prob- 
lem. Shade cloth does absolutely no good as far as 
shortening the day until light under the covers is 
less than 2 foot candle. If you can ever see 
enough to read the meter, the light intensity is 
over 1/2 f.c. In other words, too much sunlight is 
leaking through the cover to do any good up to 
about 6 PM and after 8 AM in the morning— 
standard time. 
DATES TO START AND STOP LIGHT AND SHADE 
Latitude 25-35° 
Lights Shade 
Response Start Stop Start Stop 
Group in Fall in Spring in Spring in Fall 
7-8 Weeks Continuous April 8 Sept. 20 
9-11 Weeks Continuous April 1 Oct. 1 
