THOUGHTS ON NATURAL PHILOSOPHY. a7, 
by a pole. The secondary terminals of the induction coil 
were also connected to a spark ball discharger; and in some 
of his experiments he employed a kite or balloon to uphold 
the elevated wire cr plate, now called the antenna. In the 
primary circuit of the induction coil he inserted a key for 
breaking and making the primary current in accordance with 
the signals of the Morse alphabet. By pressing the key in 
the primary circuit of the induction coil for a longer or 
shorter time electric sparks of longer or shorter duration 
were made to pass between the spark balls of the induction 
coil. Corresponding to these, trains of electrical oscillations 
are set up in the insulated wire or strip called the antenna ; 
and, corresponding again to these groups of oscillations, 
trains of electric waves, the duration of which corresponds 
with the time during which the primary circuit of the 
induction coil is closed, are sent out into space in all 
directions. At the receiving station (many miles away, and 
with the improved apparatus, thousands of miles away) an 
antenna or insulated conductor is erected similar to that at 
the transmitting station; and by this means the waves are 
intercepted and carried through the transmitter to the Morse 
printer, by which the message is printed off. 
My point is that the action of matter on the ether by 
contact, producing the waves which again act by contact on 
matter, proves the ether to be material substance. 
We have, therefore, surrounding the earth, an ocean of 
water, an ocean of air, and an ocean of ether (the ether filling 
all unoccupied space, but the air and water occupying only a 
limited area) all subject to wave motion and material move- 
ment. This wave motion in the respective oceans is caused 
by the motion of the material portions forming the oceans of 
water, air, or ether .It appears necessary to press this home, 
simple as it is, because there appears to be with some writers 
