9 Insect 
Pests 
There are two classes of 
bugs and insects that may 
attack trees and plants. 
The first class eats the 
plant tissue and is best 
controlled by poisons 
which they take into 
their stomachs. 
The second class is not 
Uy, 
YY 
we 
Sw 
¢: 
Mh 
aa 
SX’ 8 
SSNS 
~S 
1 easy to control since as a7§ 
they can be killed only 1) eS OE: 
by hitting each individual Se 
with the insecticide. PSE 
Plant Diseases. These SS EZ. 
may be classed as physi- 
ological, bacterial and Fig. 2 — A Common Worm. 
fungous. Good culture One form of chewing pests. 
will aid materially in Chewing insects eat the leaves 
preventing these troubles. of the plant entirely or eat 
Spraying also should be _ holes in leaves. 
preventive. 
Although spraying is one of the most expensive of the 
several orchard operations, it is absolutely essential to the 
production of high class fruit. It isn’t a question any 
more of can you afford to spray but rather can you afford 
not to. It must not be assumed that spraying operations 
are uniformly successful. Success depends upon a thor- 
ough application of the right material at the proper time, 
or maybe several times. Of course to accomplish this one 
must first become familiar with the insects or diseases 
that infest the orchard. 
Remedies for Sucking Insects 
Soft-bodied, sap-sucking insects (see figure 1) such as 
aphids, white fly, red spider and mealy bug, which suck 
the juice, are best controlled by some Nicotine Solution. 
Rotenone or pyrethrum compounds should be used on 
vegetables as they are non-poisonous to humans. 
Hard-bodied, sap-sucking insects, like scale which suck 
the juice from the twigs or branches and even from the 
trunk itself, are best controlled by some dormant spray, 
such as Lime Sulphur solution or miscible oil. 
Remedies for Chewing Insects 
Leaf-eating insects (see figure 2), such as beetles, wee- 
vils, grubs, worms, etc., are controlled by poison applied 
to the leaf. Arsenate of Lead is most commonly used. 
Rotenone or pyrethrum should be used on vegetables. 
DDT is effective on some things, for instance, leaf-miners, 
chinch bugs in lawns, codling moths on fruits. 
Combinations of fungicide and insecticide chemicals are 
time savers for the small garden. These materials come 
under various trade labels. Manufacturers’ instructions 
should be rigidly followed. Consult us and we will be 
glad to offer suggestions. 
Spray — but remove and burn infected material. 
15 
