general the American Holly has a very definite 
spine tip on the leaves and the fruit is predomi- 
nately bright red although some varieties pro- 
duce yellow or orange fruit. 
Ilex Crenata—Japanese Holly—Small boxwood 
like leaves and the fruit is black. 
Ilex Aquifolium—English Holly—Large glossy 
green leaves with prominent spines and the 
fruit is red. There are many variations of Eng- 
lish Holly in that the leaves may be entirely 
green, or they might have a variegated edge or 
center. The fruit is generally red but on some 
varieties it might be yellow or orange. There 
are also sterile varieties that bear no fruit. 
Ilex Cornuta—Chinese Holly——-Leaves are dark 
green and generally have only about 5 spines, 
The fruit is usually red although some varieties 
produce yellow fruit. 
It was mentioned that there are over 500 species 
of Holly. There are many varieties within every 
species and when a good seedling or tree is discov- 
ered that warrants propagation and naming this is 
generally done by the discoverer and we have a 
new named variety. This has been done rather 
freely in the past and emphasis is now placed upon 
a very thorough check on existing Hollies before 
naming and producing additional varieties. 
