278 
xanthenes, and erected a separate genus 
called Banksiella for the reception of the 
single species, Aansensis. Since Klapalek 
stated he saw the typic male and female 
of xanthenes, and figured them as well as 
kansensis, 1 do not believe he could have 
failed to observe that the typic male of 
xanthenes was the same as kansensis, if 
such were the case. It is, however, certain 
from Klapalek’s figure of the male which 
he accepted as xanthenes that this male is 
not the male of xanthenes, as Needham & 
Claassen state, and that it is not an dcro- 
neuria as used in the sense of Needham & 
Claassen and all later North American 
students of this group. At the present 
time, unfortunately, I am unable to assign 
to any North American species the male 
figured and considered by Klapalek to be 
one of Newman’s two typic specimens of 
xanthenes. Klapalek states that the two 
types are from “Georgia,” but Newman 
did not indicate the locality in his original 
description, as he did with other new spe- 
cies described in the same article, and he 
did not insert the locality in his only 
other reference to xanthenes in 1839. 
Ricker (1938) repeats the statement that 
the male and female cotypes are “from 
Georgia” and evidently this locality record 
is now associated with the types. 
Another annoying item in the bibliog- 
raphy and synonymy of xanthenes is the 
placement of brevicauda. The original 
description is based upon “1 6 N. Caro 
Morr. (Coll. de Selys),” and, judged by 
Klapalek’s remarks concerning color—no 
good structural details are given or figured 
—this specimen is the male of xanthenes. 
Ricker (1938) states that the “type’’ is in 
the Prague Museum (the Selys Long- 
champs collection is, or was, in Brussels ) 
and resembles a small “3 A. arida Hagen” 
and that a “paratype (‘Cotypus’) is a ¢ 
A. xanthenes” and that both are labeled 
“North Carolina, Morrison.” If the type 
now is in the Prague Museum, the second 
specimen has been added to the typic series 
since the original description. Apparently, 
in any case, brevicauda falls into synonymy 
since the original description indicates a 
single specimen of xanthenes, and at least 
one of the specimens purporting to belong 
to the typic series of brevicauda at Prague 
is xanthenes. In case there are two typic 
specimens of brevicauda at Prague, as 
Ricker states, and there is no single type 
Intinois NATURAL History SuRVEY BULLETIN 
Vol. 22, Arta 
in the Selys collection at Brussels as 
Klapalek states, I herewith designate the 
male specimen at Prague stated by Ricker 
to be xanthenes as the lectotype of brevi- 
cauda. ‘This procedure will insure the 
future placement of brevicauda in the 
synonymy of xanthenes, where the original 
description indicates it belongs. 
Arrangements made with the ofhcials of 
the Great Smoky Mountains National 
Park, Gatlinburg, Tenn., in 1940, enabled 
me to rear adult male and female speci- 
mens of xanthenes from nymphs and there- 
by confirm an association of adults and 
nymphs which, as a result of repeated Illi- 
nois Natural History Survey collecting 
trips to this region, had seemed evident for 
some time. Besides establishing the cor- 
rect association of nymphs with adults, 
these rearings definitely proved the associ- 
Fig. 44.—Nymph of Acroneuria xanthenes. 
