144, GENERAL BOURBAKI’S CAMPAIGN. 
season, which inevitably would have to be the case in Russia. And the conditions 
of railway travel, of course, make the experiences of that war of 1812 almost 
obsolete. One great German writer who signs himself “ Sarmaticus,” the very 
able Colonel Liebert is in favour of a winter campaign as being the most favour 
able for artillery movement in Russia. There have been some winter campaigns 
that have not been studied. There was one for instance in the American war 
against the mother country in 1775-6, when the revolutionary forces marched from 
Boston, a distance of nearly 400 miles, all the way up through the State of 
Maine to surprise Quebec. "They were unsuccessful, but I have never been able 
to find a detailed military account of that expedition. Yet there is no reference 
anywhere that I know of to any great suffering on account of the snow or cold, 
or want of provisions. And amongst the American cavalry (and in England it 
is more so still probably) there is a constant requirement of service in the “field in 
winter in which there is no particular hardship on account of snow or ice, although 
the temperature is infinitely lower than anything that it could have been in that 
. winter in France, and probably even quite as severe as what Napoleon had in 1812. 
Tue Cuairman—If nobody else has anything to say it remains for me, in your 
name, to thank Dr. Maguire for the eloquent and spirited lecture that he has given 
us, and to express to him how thankful we are to him for coming here to-night to 
give us this treat. 
Dr. Macurre—Colonel Trench and Gentlemen, I thank you very much indeed. 
I shall not keep you more than a moment, because there was very little in the 
criticisms with which one does not cordially agree. As regards the levée en masse, I 
am at one with Colonel Trench; I madea kind of slip, but Iwas thinking more of 
the military matter after Sedan than of the moral matter, I cer tainly agree with 
Colonel Trench that, from a moral point of view, France did well in having the 
courage ‘never to submit or yield, and what is more, not to be overcome” as long 
as there was a rat in Paris (applause). Lam very g glad indeed that Colonel Trench 
corrected me; I certainly blundered in expression. But from the military point 
of view, looking at it coolly, it seems as if it would have been best to have 
accepted the siamenton, as I said before, after Sedan, nevertheless the French 
deserve our admiration which you, sir, have fittingly expressed for their 
exalted, Miltonic patriotism and enthusiasm. JI was very glad indeed to 
hear the remarks of our American cousin, whose name is well known in con- 
nection with military strategy—clarum et venerabile nomen. Captain Mahan’s 
books are one eulogy of our navy, and our method of securing maritime 
supremacy from beginning to end. The importance of universal service, when 
Mr. Bigelow was speaking, must have come home to the mind of every officer 
present, and I will not dwell upon that further. We must look ahead, or we 
shall meet with worse things than have been described in connection with 
America by our distinguished visitor. And, certainly, we ought to wish every good 
to America. Nothing appears to me more discreditable in the history of modern 
times than the constant cavilling at Great Britian by certain Americans, and the 
snobbish contempt of America by certain Englishmen; and Captain Mahan, in trying 
to obliterate these evils has done further good, and I am always as delighted to 
read his remarks, as I was to hear Mr. Big elow’ s. Again, every English ‘military 
student occasionally feels himself bound to bow before the long line of successful 
professors of the military art, who fought from 1861 to 1865. We could mention 
scores of them; four or five will be eufticient : Lee, Sherman, Jackson, Sheridan, 
Stewart, are as Milton says, “in fames eternal bede roll worthy to be filed.”’ 
The honourable visitor alluded to winter campaigns. I do not think there isa 
book written on that subject ; but there were many winter campaigns. If a badly 
organised army did badly in winter, pari passu, a well organised army.did well 
against that badly organised army in the same winter, Von Werder did well 
