3 
12-pr. but with longer buffer). Trail and axle of Mannesmann tube. A nave 
brake of circular compressor plates. 
He is most particular about his wheels. Height 4 ft. 6 in., weight 165 Ibs., tire 
2°76 in. steel, 14 spokes of hickory, felloes Acacia! cut straight and bent flanges 
stamped from steel plate. Patent boxes, with the Mannesmann device for taking 
off the wheel quickly. Wagon and limber wheels similar but weighing 143 lbs. 
only. Can on emergency ibe used on the gun. 
He goes into the question of roller bearings, and dismisses them as useless, as 
the whole friction at the naves is only (according to German experiments) 1 per 
cent. of the draught. 
(20.) General Wille’s theory of carriage construction :— 
“Make your experimental carriage so light that when thoroughly tried every 
part is damaged. Then you know where you are, and can strengthen each part 
as required. If you make your carriage so strong that when tried no part 
gives way, you may be sure that many parts are uselessly heavy, but you cannot 
tell which to lighten.” 
(21.) Limber.—Tubular steel frame and pole, spring limber hook, one limber 
box with springs under and falling flap behind, to take the fixed ammunition 
(30 rounds) horizontally. Limber box wide enough to carry 4 gunners back to 
back. 
(22.) Wagon body of tubular steel, springs as on limber. 42 rounds. 
(23.) Spare Carriages.—Forge wagon abolished and instead a small port- 
able forge carried in one store wagon. Lven this might be left behind on a 
European campaign. 3 store wagons carrying provisions, 3000 lbs. of oats, and 
small stores and light tools. 
(24.) Sights —Open sights, tangent scale fixed in the gun (like ot our : Q. 1, 
guns). Improved clinometer. A complicated apparatus for altering the elevation 
without laying again. Degrees and minutes for military purposes should be done 
away with and replaced by a decimal division of the circle. 
(25) Horse and Field <Artillery.—General Wille will not admit that the 
Horse Artillery gun may be made lighter at the expense of power. As the Field 
Artillery weights are the minimum for efficiency, the Horse Artillery gun and 
carriage can be no lighter. The necessary reduction of weight must ‘be effected 
by mounting the gunners and reducing the number of rounds to 90 per sub-division, 
SUMMARY. 
Field Artillery :— 
Weight of gun ... ... BO Sous FoaBY WO. Be 882 lbs 
~ carriage marching onder Wetp e Wegee BAe A een 
3 limber with 30. rounds, marehing order, no 
gunners a A LS 1874.,, 
i four gunners on limber at 12 st. 4 1b. oy ere 688 ,, 
" gun carriage and limber complete with detach- 
ment in marching order 41 cwt. 64]bs. or 4656 ,, 
ss for each horse to pull 7ewt. nearly or... ... TAS 5 
R wagon with 72 rounds, marching order no 
gunners a 00 600 000 9 coo spd 
s five gunners 12 st. 4 Ibs, ... Sciacrset wake. teat 860 ,, 
5 total complete 41 cwt) 16lbs.or = ...° 40> %.. 746087), 
4 for each horse to pull 7 cwt. nearly or «.. ... 768 ,, 
Aa : ca 2 
1 We know it in India as babul, and good stuff it is, 
