dt) OL AL JER SE 
LIEUTENANT W. SWABEY, R.H.A., IN THE 
PENINSULA. ‘| 
EDITED BY \ 
COLONEL F. A. WHINYATHS, late R.H.A. ~>= 
(Continued from p. 487, No. 9, Vol. XXII.). ff 
PART III. 
Taz Campaign From May ro Sepremper 1813. 
Summary of the Peninsular Campaign from April to September 1813, 
During the winter of 1812-13 unremitting attention was paid to 
restore the discipline and organization of the allied army, and con- 
siderable reinforcements were received. 
The Cortes of Spain in the month of December, conferred on Lord 
Wellington the rank and authority of Generalissimo of the Spanish 
forces, and decreed that in the coming campaign he should have the 
active co-operation of 50,000 Spanish troops. 
The French armies in Spain at the beginning of 1813 numbered 
140,000 men. With the exception of 40,000 under Marshal Suchet in 
the eastern provinces of Catalonia and Valencia, they were spread 
over Castile, Leon, and the northern provinces under command of 
Joseph Bonaparte with Marshal Jourdan as Major-General; their 
object was to guard the line of the Douro. 
Lord Wellington determined in the coming campaign to adopt the 
same strategy which in the previous year had liberated Andalusia, and 
by a flank movement through the province of Tras os Montes to turn 
the enemy’s defences on the Douro. In conformity with this plan on 
May loth, the left wing under Sir Thomas Graham marched through 
that province towards the Hsla, while on the 22nd, the right wing 
under Wellington advanced through Salamanca on Zamora. On June 
Ist, after slight opposition, the wings were united at the latter place, 
and the first object of the campaign accomplished. 
As a result of this, King Joseph concentrated his army on the 
Burgos road along which were good defensive positions and depdts of 
supplies. Lord Wellington continued his turning movements, mancu- 
vred to his left and marching on Palencia forced the enemy on the 
12th, to fall back on Burgos which he evacuated and blew up. Some 
fighting took place on the succeeding days, and on June 21st, in front’ 
10. VoL. XxuI. 66 
