leafmold, and one-third coarse sand (not beach sand). To 
this may be added poultry charcoal, old mortar (crushed), 
and well de- \j 
composed man- 
ure. For seed- 
lings and for 
such types as 
Epiphyllums, 
use more ferti- 
lezefenan dena 
richer mix- 
ture Water 
freely during 
the growing 
season, which 
can be observed 
by new spines, 
new wool, or a 
change in the 
shade of green. 
The soil must 
never remain 
soggy. Water 
thoroughly and 
then allow the 
plant to be- 
come almost dry. The soil should be so porous that the water 
will drain through the soil within a minute. If the water re- 
mains on top of the soil, then there is not enough sand and 
leafmold, and the mixture is said to be too heavy. Pots should 
have drainage in the bottom or side. Be sure pots are not 
too large or the soil may retain too much moisture. Repot 
every other year to avoid root mealy bugs. Keep ants and sow 
bugs from entering through the hole in the bottom of the pot. 
Give the plants as much light as possible without being in 
full summer sun. Lath placed two inches apart will prevent 
sunburn. A north window is not suitable. 
Plants may be rooted in damp sand during warm weather. 
In setting plants out of doors be sure to protect them from 
direct sun until they become accustomed to the change. Too 
much sun will turn some species yellow. After the growing 
season, cacti, like most plants, need a rest period when they 
may be kept in an airy, cool cellar or in the attic where the 
temperature does not go below 40 degrees F. 
Caution: Be sure that new plants have clean roots without 
any round globules on them. Remove any infected roots or 
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