CHARACINIDAE FROM VENEZUELA—SCHULTZ 245 
38b. Anal origin behind that of dorsal fin. 
40a. Lateral line incomplete. 
4ia. Greatest depth 3% to 4 times and head 4 
in standard length; anal rays iti,16 or 
17; scales 34 to 37, 5 or 6 above, and 3 
to 3% below lateral line; 9 to 11 pores 
in lateral line; 14 predorsal scales; teeth 
small, tricuspid; 6 teeth on each pre- 
maxillary and 12 to 14 along greater 
part of each maxillary; about 13 teeth 
on each dentary; pectorals not reaching 
pelvies; pelvics inserted a little in ad- 
vance of dorsal origin; caudal fin brick 
red, when alive; no black caudal spot. 
Aphyocharax Giinther (p. 312) 
41b. Greatest depth about 2% to 3 times in 
standard length; about 6 to 8 pores in 
lateral line. 
42a. Interhaemals not projecting on ventral 
side of caudal peduncle of males; 
caudal fin sealed out one-third its 
length and none of scales saclike or 
glandular; maxillary with minute 
teeth along its anterior convex edge; 
premaxillary row of teeth with third 
tooth a little out of line; about 7 
pores in lateral line; mouth oblique, 
lower jaw a little longer and, when 
closed, in front of upper; a black bar 
across dorsal, one on front of anal 
fin and pelvic fins; anal rays about 
ili, 20 or 21. 
Pristella Higenmann (p. 312). 
42b. Several or many interhaemals project 
ing on lower side of caudal peduncle 
of adult males; no enlarged scales on 
caudal fin base; about 6 to 8 pores in 
lateral line; teeth with about 7 
points; a few teeth on maxillary. 
Cheirodon Girard (p. 313) 
40b. Lateral line complete; interhaemals not pro- 
jecting. 
43a. Teeth on premaxillary and on dentary 
usually 7-pointed and similar in both 
jaws, distal part of each tooth enlarged, 
much broader than its base (fig. 41a, 6), 
sides of teeth in dentary not parallel; 
maxillary with 2 teeth and premaxillary 
usually with 5 or 6 teeth on each side. 
44a. Lower lobe of caudal fin with a dermal 
sac more or less covered with a few 
enlarged scales (fig. 41, c). 
Saccoderma, new genus (p. 314) 
