CHARACINIDAE FROM VENEZUELA—SCHULTZ 259 
vol. 5, p. 411, 1912, and vol. 9, p. 166, 1922) reported upon them under 
- the subfamily name “Hydrocyninae,”’ but that name is not available 
because Hydrecynus Cuvier (Régne animal, vol. 2, p. 167, 1817) was 
restricted by Cuvier (Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, vol. 5, p. 353, 1819) to 
the African H. forskali and spelled Hydrocyon.. The name Hydrocynus, 
therefore, is not available for any American genus of Characinidae. 
The family name Xiphostomidae was used by Regan (Ann. Mag. 
Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 8, p. 13, 1911) and the subfamily name Xipho- 
stominae by Eigenmann and Allen (Fishes of western South America, 
p. 274, 1942), but both of these names are not available for fishes. 
Gregory and Conrad (Zoologica, vol. 23, pt. 4, p. 338, 1938) refer 
Luciocharax to the subfamily Sarcodacinae. It so happens that 
Sarcodaces Ginther, 1864, is not so old a name as Ctenolucius Gill, 
1861, and thus is not available as the basis of the subfamily name in 
this group, even though Gregory and Conrad may be correct in 
referring that African genus to the same subfamily as Clenolucius and 
Boulengerella. No doubt Ctenolucinae is the name that should be 
used for this group of genera. 
It should be added that Cuvier’s figure of Hydrocyon lucius (Mem. 
Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris, vol. 5, pl. 1, fig. 3, 1819) shows the jaws the 
same as in Ctenolucius, but the dorsal fin is farther forward than in 
the genotype. 
The forms of Ctenolucius in northern South America in the Maracaibo 
and Magdalena Basins and in the Pacific slope of Panama and Colom- 
bia are very closely related, and it is difficult, if not impossible, to 
separate them on one or two specimens. The males may have a few 
more pores in the lateral line than the females, but this point needs 
careful study before a final conclusion can be made. At most, the 
various species named cannot be more than poorly separated sub- 
species. 
See table 6 for counts made on species of Cienolucius from northern 
South America. 
KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF CTENOLUCIUS HUJETA 
la. Scales 45 to 49; scales in a transverse row from dorsal to anus usually 11; 
scales around caudal peduncle in a zigzag row 16 to 19; pores in lateral line 
24 to 31; upper sides of body with more or less evident brown wavy lines 
between rows of scales (Maracaibo Basin). 
Ctenolucius hujeta hujeta (Valenciennes) 
1b. Scales 42 to 48; scales in a transverse row from dorsal to anus usually 11; 
scales around caudal peduncle 16 or 17; pores in lateral line 22 to 26; prac- 
tically no trace of brown wavy lines along upper sides (Magdalena System). 
Ctenolucius hujeta insculptus (Stecindachner) 
lc. Scales 49 or 50; scales in a transverse row from dorsal to anus usually 11; 
scales around caudal peduncle 16 or 17; pores in lateral line 25 to 36; upper 
sides of body with very distinct, lengthwise, brown wavy streaks between 
rows of scales (Pacific slope of Panama and of Colombia). 
Ctenolucius hujeta beani (Fowler) 
