266 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM VOL. 95 
base; a dark lateral band to end of caudal; light bands above and below it, 2 
darker lines along 2 rows of scales below lateral band; dorsal with dark 
spot from middle of anterior rays to tip of seventh, another along middle 
of last 5 rays; 3 oblique bands across caudal lobes. 
Leporellus retropinnis (Higenmann) ® 
1b. Origin of dorsal closer to tip of snout by about length of snout than to base 
of caudal fin. 
2a. Upper sides of body and back with 7 or 8 parallel rows of dark spots, each 
scale with dark spot including i or 2 scale rows below lateral line, then 
lower sides abruptly pale without spots; dorsal with blackish band 
across third quarter of its length, distal fourth white; 2 oblique black 
bars across each caudal lobe and a black streak on midcaudal fin rays; 
no black lateral band except a faded one on caudal peduncle posteriorly 
and thence on middle rays of caudal fin; top and sides of head with small 
black sspoOtse wie ein Nk hyn aan al Leporellus vittatus (Valenciennes) 
2b. A distinct blackish band along midaxis from head to tip of midcaudal fin 
rays, no dark spots on each scale posteriorly on body; a dark stripe 
along side of back, or back blackish; sometimes each of predorsal scales 
with a black spot; dorsal fin with a wide black band distally; 2 oblique 
black bands on each lobe of caudal fin; sides and top of head with spots. 
3a. Anal fin with a black band____Leporellus sexdentatus (Higenmann) !° 
3b. Anal fin pale without black band or spot._Leporellus pictus (Kner) ! 
LEPORELLUS VITTATUS (Valenciennes) 
Leporinus vittatus VALENCIENNES, 7n Cuvier and Valenciennes, Histoire naturelle 
des poissons, vol. 22, p. 33, 1849 (Amazon).—CasTELNAv, Animaux 
nouveaux ou rares l’Amérique du Sud, Poissons, p. 59, pl. 29, fig. 3, 1855 
(Araguay, Province of Goyaz, Brazil)—Gutntuer, Catalogue of the fishes 
in the British Museum, vol. 5, p. 310, 1864 (Rio Araguay; Irisanga). 
9 Leporinodus retropinnis Eigenmann, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 9, No. 1, p. 116, 1922 (Rio Piracicaba), 
Brazil. 
10 Leporinodus sexdentatus Eigenmann, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 9, No. 1, p. 117, 1922 (Rio Cauca) (new 
name). 
Leporinus vittatus (non Valenciennes) Steindachner, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 42, p. 71, 1879 (Rio 
Cauca, Colombia). 
11 It is possible that ZL. sexdentatus and DL. pictus are not distinct species. These two forms need careful 
comparison, as Eigenmann apparently lacked specimens of both species. The following nomenclatorial 
observations and other comments should be carefully considered when this genus is further investigated: 
Leporinus pictus Kner, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 17, p. 172, pl. 8, fig. 19, 1859 (Irisanga). 
Leporellus pictus (Kner) LU1TKEN, Overs. Danske Vidk. Selsk. Forh., 1874, pp. 129, 141 (Rio das Velhas); 
Danske Vid. Selsk. Skrift., vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 204, xi, 1875 (Rio das Velhas). 
Leporinus maculifrons REINHARDT, in Liitken, 1875, ibid., p. 204, is given as a new specific name in case 
this specimen from the Rio das Velhas, as stated on p. 206 by Liitken, proves to be a distinct species. Rein- 
hardt’s maculifrons was a manuscript name and apparently unpublished until 1875 by Liitken. 
Leporellus timbore Eigenmann, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 9, No. 1, p. 117, 1922 (Rio das Velhas), a new 
name said by Eigenmann to be a substitute for “ Leporellus pictus (non Leporinus pictus Kner) Liitken and 
is based on the specimen from the Rio das Velhas.’’ 
Leporellus cartledgii Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 93, p. 177, fig. 89, 1941 (Penedo, 
Rio Séo Francisco, Pernambuco). 
Leporellus vittatus Cope, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soe., vol. 17, p. 690, 1878 (Peruvian Amazon).—FYowler, 
Proce. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 58, p. 327, 1906 (Peruvian Amazon);? vol. 66, p. 236, 1914 (Rupununti 
River, British Guiana). 
Liitken (1875, p. 205) describes the color of the Rio das Velhas specimen as follows: Back brownish gray, 
paler on sides; lower sides brass-yellow in recently caught specimens; belly white; occiput to end of dorsal 
has a dark stripe along upper sides; a dark lateral band or stripe along midsides continuing out on tail fin; 
sides of head silvery; upper parts of head grayish with dark spots, these more or less present on back ante- 
riorly at base of each scale but fading posteriorly; dorsal fin with a broad band in distal half of fin; base of 
caudal fin with two oblique dark stripes. This description agrees with that of Kmner’s figure of L. pictus 
in essential details. 
