CHARACINIDAE FROM VENEZUELA—-SCHULTZ 295 
4a. No keel in front of pelvic bases; 2 pairs of canines on premaxillaries, one 
near symphysis and the other pair laterally. 
5a. Two rows of small conical teeth between two canines on each side of 
premaxillary; 2 pairs of canines on mandible; all canine teeth rela- 
tively short, not excessively elongate; pectoral shield large, acutely 
notched with an elongate pointed plate along lower base of pectoral 
fin; gill rakers along entire length of upper half of first gill arch; 
dorsal origin behind anal origin; dorsal origin a little closer to snout 
than to midcaudal base; no keel in front of pelvic base but a keel from 
WEL VACS COW eMULS Mens amare VNUs OST AS AINE SUE SN Charax Scopoli 2 
5b. An outer row of small conical teeth between two canines on each pre- 
maxillary, inner row represented by 2 enlarged conical teeth on each 
side; 3 or 4 pairs of canines on mandible, middle pair more or less 
excessively elongate and fanglike and on large adults projecting even 
through snout when mouth is closed; pectoral shield with shallow 
notch; only platelets along anterior portion of upper half of first gill 
arch; dorsal origin over or usually behind anal origin; dorsal origin a 
little closer to snout tip than midcaudal base; a low ridge from be- 
hind) pelvicibase to anusee 2 2S ea ee eee Cyrtocharax Fowler 
4b. A sharp keel from anal origin to between bases of pectoral fins, thence as 
a hard ridge anteriorly on breast, becoming obsolete anteriorly; teeth 
in a single series on premaxillaries, with a single pair of short canines 
near their symphysis; 2 pairs of canines at front of mandibles; origin 
of dorsal much closer to midcaudal fin base than to tip of snout; dorsal 
origin behind anal origin; pectoral shield with a shallow notch; gill ra- 
kers along entire length of upper half of first gill arch; preopercle with 
platelike spiny projection at lower posterior angle. 
Gilbertolus Higenmann 
1b. Toothlike external bony protuberances on margins of upper and often on 
LON ESN ATE Wy Shauna UM RT SOO as RU ln a Sa Roeboides Giinther 
Genus CYNOPOTAMUS Valenciennes 
Cynopotamus VALENCIENNES, 7m Cuvier and Valenciennes, Histoire naturelle des 
poissons, vol. 22, p. 316, 1849. (Type, Hydrocyon argenteus Valenciennes, 
designated by Higenmann, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 5, p. 403, 1912, and 
by Jordan, Genera of fishes, pt. 2, p. 242, 1919.) 
Roestes GUNTHER, Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum, vol. 5, pp. 345, 
347, 1864. (Type, Cynopotamus molossus Kner.) 
After an examination of the descriptions of various species, it is 
thought that the followimg species should be referred to this genus: 
Cynopotamus humeralis Valenciennes, in Cuvier and Valencgennes, 
Histoire naturelle des poissons, vol. 22, p. 320, 1849, from Buenos 
Aires, also referred to as Anacyrtus humeralis Valenciennes by Giinther, 
23 Charazx Scopoli, Hist. Nat., p. 455, 1877. (Type, Salmo gibbosus Linnaeus.) After examination of the 
descriptions of the following species, it was concluded that they should be referred to the genus Charaz. 
This list of species is not complete, and others that probably should be added I have not examined sufficiently 
to arrive at a definite conclusion: Anacyrtus pauciradiatus Giinther, Catalogue of the fishes in the British 
Museum, vol. 5, p.346, 1864 (Pard, Rio Capim); Anacyrtus tectifer Cope, Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. 11, 
p. 565, 1870 (Pebas, Ecuador); Anacyrtus sanguineus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 23, 
p. 266, pl. 9, fig. 1, 1872 (Rio Ambyiacu); Charaz rupununi Eigenmann, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 5, p. 
402, 1912 (Rupununi); Charar metae Eigenmann, Bol. Soc. Colom. Cienc. Nat., vol. 9, p. 195, 1921, also Mem. 
Carnegie Mus., vol. 9, No. 1, p. 238, pl. 25, fig. 1, 1922 (Barrig6na, Quebrada Cramalote, Villavicencio, 
Colombia). 
