FULGOROIDEA OF TRINIDAD—FENNAH A13 
north. (The references to Lesser Antillean Dictyopharidae in lit- 
erature are all due to misinterpretation of tropiduchid genera.) 
The genera found in Trinidad, excluding genera described below, 
about the distribution of which little is known, also occur on the main- 
land; in contrast to this comparatively few genera are common to 
Trinidad and the Lesser Antilles, and include Oltarus, Pintalia, Both- 
riocera (Cixiidae), Burnilia, Saccharosydne, Peregrinus, Sogata, Del- 
phacodes (Delphacidae), Neocenchrea, Cedusa, Patara, Otrocerus 
(Derbidae), Catonia (Achilidae), Huhyloptera, Flatoidinus (¥lati- 
dae), Acanalonia (Acanaloniidae), and Thionia (Issidae). That the 
Lesser Antillean fulgoroid fauna is not in turn to be regarded as a 
greatly impoverished Trinidadian fauna is shown by the number of 
genera that do not appear to occur in Trinidad, such as Cyphocera- 
tops, Tangidia (Tropiduchidae), Quilessa, Prosotropis (Kinnaridae), 
Cionoderus (Achilidae), Scarposa, Antillormenis, and Tlesia 
(Flatidae). 
Occasional specimens of most fulgoroid species may be found rest- 
ing or feeding on crops that have been planted in cultivations en- 
croaching on their natural habitat, and most of these are of economic 
‘importance only as possible vectors of disease. The most serious pest 
species is the delphacid Peregrinus maidis (Ashmead), which has been 
shown to be a local vector of stripe disease of maize (H. R. Briton- 
Jones and R. E. D. Baker, Tropical Agriculture, vol. 10, Nos. 5 and 8, 
1933) ; another species of the same family, Saccharosydne saccharivora 
(Westwood), is quite common on sugarcane but in Trinidad does not 
appear to develop in great numbers. The cixiid Paramyndus cocois 
(described below) occurs in the adult stage in abundance on the lower 
surface of leaves of coconut, where many may be found killed by 
fungus; the nymphal stages are subterranean. This insect forms an 
Interesting parallel to Huryphlepsia cocois Muir, which infests coco- 
huts in a similar manner in the south Pacific. Paramyndus has been 
‘collected on sugarcane and Guatemala grass and is not obligately re- 
| stricted in its choice of host. Among pests of minor importance may 
| be listed the dictyopharid species Z'aosa herbida (Walker) and Retiala 
| earidis (described below), which for short periods may be abundant on 
‘coffee, a crop also attacked by the ever-present flatids Flatormenis 
squamulosa (Fowler), Hpormenis fuliginosa (Fennah), and Ormenis 
| antoniae Melichar, which occur on the plant in all stages. The last- 
‘Named species is common also on the leaves and stems of mango, the 
large squat nymph apparently preferring the former and the adult 
‘the latter situation. In forested areas the kinnarid Bytrois nemoralis 
| (described below) often feeds in the adult stage on the leaves of cacao, 
‘which is also attacked over a wider area by Epormenis unimaculata 
(Fennah) and the acanaloniids Acanalonia theobromae and A. 
umbellicauda (described below). The former of these has been taken 
