10 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALHONTOLOGY 
Taste 2—Comparative measurements of Siwalik anthropoid teeth—Continued 
M2 
Trigonid tr. Height tr. Stage 
ap. tr. bie ind. hytome crownpatome of 
Sivapithecus sivalensis: wear 
Paleéopithecus swalensis, 
type (cast), Dhok Pathan 12.0 13.1 109.1 
INGOs GU WAM oséccousc 11.4 13.6 13.6 119.0 12.8 Za) 6.5 
Ke 29 AGG eNacrite seer: 11.6 13.7 13.7 118.0 12.6 8.0 5.5 
Sivapithecus indicus: 
Sivapithecus orientalis, 
MOG NEAR odocogodocd 12.8 14.2 111.0 
No. 613, upper Chinji.... 12.7 1p} 15.5 122.0 13.8 7.3 ITI 
IW, GUE, (2). oo 0600 13.3 15.3 15.3 115.0 14.2 8.8 6.6 II 
Dryopithecus germanicus, 
Bohnerz, upper Pontian. 10.4 11.0 106.0 
Sugrivapithecus cf. 
salmontanus: 
“Dryopithecus punjabicus,” 
INA OTIC ici s tree Ne ae eee 10.6 11.4 107.0 
Ramapithecus brevirostris, 
OG, NEE Gocon06o8oo 9.9 11.9 120.0 
M3 
Trigonid tr. Height tr. Stage 
ap. Gis EIR ind. hy tome crownpatome of 
Sivapithecus sivalensis: wear 
Paleopithecus sivalensis, 
type(cast), Dhok Pathan 10.4 11.4 109.6 
IN@ Gil INDEABIo cooccod00d 11.0 13.0 13.0 118.0 10.6 6.3 4.7 
Sivapithecus indicus: 
Sivapithecus orientalis, 
UNADE It, ID WGsosc00cc 12.4 13.2 105.5 
K 23/740, (?)Nagri...... NBS 13.1 12.9 104.0 10.0 Na 7.0 
Paleosimia rugosidens, 
moe, (CS) Cairn oosscoac 10.8 11.9 110.0 
in 1835 for the well-known Triassic reptilian footprints which were later 
called Chirotherium. Apparently the first valid, available generic name for 
Paleomthecus sivalensis Lydekker is Sivapithecus Pilgrim, 1910. (See Lewis, 
1937.) 
Generic characters—Siwalik Simiidee with moderately large and advanced 
upper and lower molar crowns, incipiently hypsodont with relatively steep 
and flat lingual and buccal slopes. Breadth indices of upper molars mod- 
erate to high, of lower molars intermediate between the low indices of 
Sugrivamithecus and the high indices of Bramapithecus (see tables 1, 2). 
Upper canines in males either massive, with posterior shear and deep ante- 
rior vertical groove, or more slender with less accented characters; in females, 
sub-premolariform, with low tips, strong internal cingulum, and incipient 
basal cusp. Male mandible, beneath MI and M2, not so deep as in European 
Dryomthecus; M2 typically larger and wider, lower molar cusps more 
massive, external cingula absent. 
Specific synonomy—The specific name cautleyz is very probably a synonym 
of Palewopithecus sivalensis Lydekker, 1879. The holotype of the latter 
is a badly worn and incomplete set of upper teeth, the basis of Lydekker’s 
later figure of the palate (Mem. Geol. Surv. India, pl. 1, figs. 1, la, 1886). 
The type is believed to have come from the Dhok Pathan. Through the 
courtesy of the Director of the Geological Survey of India we have 
received a cast of the left maxilla and cheek teeth of the type. Owing to 
