6 CONTRIBUTIONS TO PALZONTOLOGY 
Incisors 
1. Mesio-distal: the greatest dimension at the incisal edge. 
2. Labio-lingual: the greatest distance between the labial and lingual 
convexities of the crown near the neck of the tooth. 
Canines 
1. Mesio-distal: the greatest distance between the tubercles at the 
bases of the cutting edges running from the cusp points to the neck. 
2. Labio-lingual: the minimum transverse dimension at the region of 
maximum girth. 
Cheek teeth 
P3 (This tooth varies from an anteroposterior to a nearly transverse 
position.) | 
1. Mesio-distal (ap.):+ the maximum dimension at the region of 
ereatest girth. 
2. peer ara (tr.): the minimum dimension at the region of greatest 
oirth. 
P3 (This tooth is triangular.) 
1. Mesio-distal: the greatest dimension on the labial side. 
2. Labio-lingual: the greatest dimension at the region of maximum 
girth. 
Pa_M, P4-M2 
1. Mesio-distal (ap.): the greatest dimension between proximating sur- 
faces. 
2. Labio-lingual (tr.): the greatest dimension at the region of maximum 
eirth. 
M3, M3 
1. Mesio-distal (ap.): the greatest dimension between the anterior 
proximating surface and the posterior maximum convexity. 
2. Labio-lingual (tr.): the greatest dimension at the region of maximum 
girth. 
DESCRIPTION OF MATERIAL 
Sivapithecus sivalensis (Lydekker) 
(Plates 1, figures 1-8; 2A—E; 4; 5A) 
Paleopithecus sivalensis Lydekker, Rec. Geol. Surv. India, vol. 12, 338, figs. 
1, 5, 1879. 
Troglodytes sivalensis, Lydekker, Mem. Geol. Surv. India, Pal. Indica (10), 
vol. 4, part 1, suppl. 1, p. 2, 1886. 
Dryomthecus cautleyi, Brown, Gregory and Hellman, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 
No. 1380, Sept. 22, 1924; Giesany and Hellman, Asatihinayacll Papers) Amer. 
Mus. Nat. Hist., voll 28, part 1, 1926. 
Generic reference—In 1926 we provisionally referred the then “new 
species” cautleyz to the genus Dryopthecus, concluding, however (p. 84), 
that “on the whole, the Indian ‘Dryopithecus’ seems to be allied rather with 
the orang than with the gorilla-chimpanzee-man group, the former constitut- 
ing an eastern, the latter a western, division of the family Simiide.” We 
also stated that “D. fricke and D. giganteus may be related species of a 
subgenus allied with Paleomthecus and with Srvapithecus.” For reasons 
1Tt will be noted that especially in our tables we retain the well-known and convenient 
abbreviations ap. and tr. for the molars and premolars, but use m.d. and 1.1]. for the 
canines. 
