DRY WETTABLE FLOTATION SULFUR is an exceedingly fine, wettable sulfur dust formerly 
manufactured by the White Tar Company of New Jersey, Inc. It contains not less than 80 
per cent of sulfur, the active ingredient, and not more than 20 per cent of inert in- 
gredients. It was used as a spray, at the rate of 8 pounds to 100 gallons of water. 
Dry wettable flotation sulfur has not been obtainable since 1936; and in the ex- 
periment in which it was in use (plot XII) "Mike" sulfur was used in 1937 and 1938. 
FLOTATION SULFUR DUST is a sulfur dust formerly manufactured by the White Tar Com— 
pany of New Jersey, Inc., for use as a dust rather than as a spray ingredient. It is 
otherwise similar to dry wettable flotation sulfur. 
"MIKE" sulfur is a wettable sulfur dust manufactured by the Dow Chemical Company. 
It contains more than 95 per cent of sulfur as an active ingredient and less than 5 
per cent of inert ingredients. It is composed of very minute particles, mixes readily 
with water for use as a spray ingredient and can be used also as a dust. As a spray, 
it was used at the rate of 8 pounds to 100 gallons of water. 
LIME SULFUR, a standard fruit-tree fungicide, was used at a strength of 1 in 10. 
A liquid lime sulfur manufactured by the Grasselli Chemicals Department, E. I. duPont 
de Nemours and Co., Inc., was used as basic material. 
COMMERCIAL BORDEAUX is a premixed preparation of lime and copper sulfate, which 
forms a Bordeaux spray mixture when added to water. The preparation used in our ex~ 
periment was the Corona Bordeaux manufactured by the Corona Chemical Division of the 
Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company; this preparation contains not less than 13 per cent of 
copper as an active ingredient; and throughout the tests the spray used has been 
equivalent to 4—4-50 Bordeaux mixture. 
INSTANT BORDEAUX is a homemade spray made with blue vitriol (copper sulfate) 
powder and dehydrated lime. It is prepared in the sprayer tank as it is needed and 
has the two practical advantages of being more quickly and easily prepared than 
regular Bordeaux mixture and of giving a more uniform and stable suspension of 
materials. In our experiment, instant Bordeaux was used at a strength equivalent to 
4-4-50 Bordeaux mixture. 
Z-O is a proprietary material sold in powdered form by the Niagara Sprayer and 
Chemical Co., Inc. It contains copper as an active ingredient in an amount equivalent, 
as metallic copper, to 25 per cent. It was developed as a material more convenient to 
use than Bordeaux mixture. Because of the gradual release of copper and the absence of 
lime, it is claimed that Z-O is less harmful to plants than any other copper-containing 
spray. It has proved effective for general spraying of ornamentals and for dusting 
truck crops. For both summer and dormant sprays, we used Z—-O at the rate of 3 pounds 
to 100 gallons of water, 
METHODS 
From 1931 until the fall of 1935, liquid fungicides were applied in one plot with 
a 50-gallon, hand~operated spray outfit and in another plot with a 50-gallon power out- 
fit. But since early in the spring of 1936 all spraying has been done with a 100-gallon 
Bean Little Giant Duplex outfit, operated at a pressure of approximately 275 pounds, 
thus eliminating lack of uniformity in spray applications. Dusting has been done with 
a Niagara blower dust gun that sends a good cloud of dust to a height of 8 to 10 feet, 
and dust applications have been made mostly in early morning when dew was on the foliage 
and before the wind became so strong as to prevent uniform dusting. 
Summer applications of fungicides have been started in late April, May or early 
June, according to the season, and have been terminated in the latter part of August 
each year. In general, applications have been made at two-week intervals until the 
beginning of the dry weather period, usually about the middle of July, and then at 
three-week intervals during the remainder of the season. 
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