Fig. 11.—Close-up of one burrow entrance in Fig. 10, showing young bird about ready to fledge. 
mous range in the north, the record cannot 
liscounted. 
‘or the state as a whole, we saw about three 
k swallows in the fall for every one seen in the 
ng, but in eastern Illinois the ratio was exactly 
rsed, three in the spring to one in the fall. 
k swallows are apparently more widely dispersed 
he spring than in the fall, i.e., they are more 
entrated on the western rivers in the fall. 
There is one published banding record which 
cates the winter destination of Illinois breeding 
s. A bank swallow banded at Palos Park, July 
1939, was recovered January 6, 1940, about 
) miles SSE, at Iquitos, Peru (Cooke 1950). 
JGH-WINGED SWALLOW 
(Stelgidopteryx ruficollis) 
(Fig. 12 and 13) 
1g Migration 
fhe actual migration flights have apparently not 
| witnessed in Illinois in the spring, but they 
resumed to be diurnal, as in the fall (see below) . 
sh-wings generally reach Illinois a week or two 
er than bank swallows (Fig. 8 and 14). Wid- 
mann (1907) noted the arrival of rough-wings at 
St. Louis as early as the second week in March, 
but we did not record the species in extreme southern 
Hlinois until March 30, and they did not appear in 
numbers until April 13 (Fig. 14). We have no 
March records for central or northern Illinois, and 
the earliest published records are April 6 and 9 
(Silloway 1922, and Boulton & Pitelka 1939). 
Rough-wings are generally seen only in small num- 
bers until after April 14 (it is unlikely for an observer 
to see more than 10 per day), and peak spring 
populations occur between April 20 and May 20 
(Fig. 14). Rough-wings are much less gregarious 
than bank swallows, and appear to be less common 
(Fig. 8 and 14). Counts of rough-winged swallows 
were generally higher in western than in eastern 
Illinois, and the central Illinois counts were in- 
explicably lower than counts in either southern or 
northern Illinois (Fig. 14). 
Distribution 
The general distribution of the rough-winged 
swallow is shown in Fig. 13, and the Illinois breeding 
range, so far as it has been recorded, is shown in 
Fig. 15. Illinois records are undoubtedly very in- 
complete. Rough-wing colonies are often located in 
the same banks where bank swallows nest, expecially 
along major streams. 
13 
