broods usually emerge in numbers about the middle of 
September, and, as indicated by the late dates of cap- 
ture, fly until the end of the season, very late in some 
years. 
Colias cesonia (Stoll) 
Dog face 
Papilio cesonia Stoll “1791” [t790]:176 (type-locality 
“Georgia”’) . 
Jolias caesonia: Worthington 1880:47. 
Zerene caesonia: Holland 1931:2992. 
jolias cesonia: Klots 1951:189; dos Passos 1964:44 
(No. 299). 
jolias caesonia, gen. aut. rosa M’Neill 1889:44 (type- 
locality “3 mi. E Moline, Rock Island County, IIli- 
nois”’). 
Illinois records.—Map 41. 
Records of this species are from throughout Illinois. 
t is common southward, rarer in the northern counties, 
Jecasionally considerable numbers of the species are 
ound in more northern localities, especially at the Wau- 
egan Dunes (Illinois Beach State Park), Lake County. 
nyder (1896) recorded cesonia as “abundant” at 
vanston, Lake County, in 1895. C. cesonia is prob- 
bly an immigrant in most of northern Illinois, but a 
reeding resident further south and no doubt occasion- 
lly in the north as well. Irwin took two newly emerged 
ales at Cornell, Livingston County, on August 16, 
966 (INHS) ; the dog face is consistently uncommon 
) rare in that area. The cold weather form rosa, de- 
ribed from Illinois, is the predominant autumn form 
f the species. Extreme dates on record are April 5 
nd October 15, and most records have been made dur- 
ig late summer and autumn (rosa). 
The flight of cesonia is fast and strong, and this 
ecies seldom rests other than when visiting flowers. 
Phoebis sennae eubule (Linnaeus) 
Cloudless sulphur 
apilio eubule Linnaeus 1767:764 (type-locality “Caro- 
lina’’) . 
allidryas eubule: 
1931: 289. 
hoebis sennae eubule: 
1964:45 (No. 302). 
Illinois records.—Map 42. 
Although there are no records for the northernmost 
rt of counties, the cloudless sulphur probably occurs 
least sporadically in all parts of Illinois. It is gen- 
ally rare in the northern portion of the state but oc- 
sionally appears in some numbers, usually in late sum- 
rf or autumn and probably as the result of migratory 
Cvements. Irwin observed such movements at Streator, 
a Salle County, August 12 through 14, 1946, and again 
agust 11 and 12, 1953. P. s. eubule appeared in great 
imbers at Ramsey, Fayette County, where L. S. Phil- 
8 Saw or captured a total of 58 specimens on August 
!and 30, 1953 (LSP). There was a similarly impres- 
© appearance of the insect at Urbana, Champaign 
ounty, in August 1925 when 28 specimens were taken 
T.H. Frison (INHS). P. s. eubule is common to 
undant in southern Illinois. C. L. Remington re- 
rted it in “great numbers” at Elsah, Jersey County, 
Worthington 1880:47; Holland 
Klots 1951:190; dos Passos 
17 
late July through October (CLR). On August 31, 1969,. 
Irwin observed many individuals along Illinois High- 
way 3 between East St. Louis and the Pine Hills, Union 
County. 
All Illinois sennae are probably of the subspecies 
eubule. C. L. Remington (1943) listed two newly 
emerged examples of the mainland tropical subspecies 
P.s. marcellina (Cramer) from Elsah, Jersey County, 
but since Klots (1951) regarded the subspecific classi- 
fication of sennae as “extremely complex and largely 
statistical,” we believe it best to consider these speci- 
mens as only similar to marcellina. Both French (1879) 
and Worthington (1880) listed sennae and eubule sep- 
arately. Exactly what they were calling by each name 
cannot, of course, now be determined with certainty, 
although French (loc. cit.) characterized sennae as hay- 
ing the “ground color pale dirty yellow, marks heavier,” 
instead of “clear pale yellow” as in eubule. Inclusive 
dates for eubule in Illinois are April 19 through Novem- 
ber with most records being in August and September. 
Phoebis philea (Johansson) 
Orange barred sulphur 
Papilio philea Johansson 1763:404 (type-locality “West 
Indies’’) . 
Callidryas philea: Worthington 1880:47; Holland 1931: 
2eur 
Phoebis philea: Klots 1951:191; dos Passos 1964:45 
(No. 303). 
Illinois records—Coox County: presumably Evan- 
ston or vicinity, 18/0 or before (Riley 1870) ; Chicago 
(Humbolt Park), August 10, 1937, Sasko (VGS). We 
have seen the latter specimen, a male, in the Sasko 
collection. P. philea can only be regarded as casual 
in Illinois. In view of the foregoing records, it may be 
expected anywhere in the state, although probability 
would favor its occurrence in the extreme southern 
counties. 
Eurema mexicana (Boisduval) 
Mexican sulphur 
Terias mexicana Boisduval 1836:655 
UMexicom),, 
Eurema mexicana: Holland 1931 :301; Klots 1951:196; 
dos Passos 1964:47 (No. 312). 
Illinois records.—Cuampaicn County: Champaign, 
(type-locality 
October 18-19, 1911, Frison (Frison 1919). Coox 
County: Chicago, October 9, 1904, Beer (INHS); 
Riverside, October 13, 1910, Mares (INHS) (Fig. 2). 
Du Pace County: Ingalton, October 13, 1911, Mares 
(INHS). Jersey County: Elsah (campus of Principia 
College), fall 1940, C. L. Remington (CLR). Kane 
County: Elgin, September 18, 1925, Bristol (AKW). 
This is a species of rare appearance in Illinois in 
autumn, probably as the result of migratory movements. 
Frison (1919) described such an occurrence at Cham- 
paign, Champaign County, when 14 specimens were 
taken and many more seen “flying in flocks.” A speci- 
men of mexicana in the INHS collection taken by Frison 
at Champaign, dated August 18, 1911, is believed to be 
one of those discussed in his paper, but with an error 
in labeling, as he stated that none had been observed 
prior to the October 1911 migration. The specimen 
