28 
Chlosyne nycteis: dos Passos 1969a:117 (No. 548). 
Illinois records.—Map 82. 
C. nycteis is a common, widely distributed butterfly 
in Illinois. It is probably double-brooded throughout 
the state with broods appearing approximately at mid- 
June and mid-August in the north and earlier southward. 
The earliest and latest record dates are April 23 and 
September 17. 
Chlosyne gorgone carlota (Reakirt) 
Gorgone checkerspot 
Melitaea nycteis Edwards (nec Doubleday) 1861:161 
(type-locality “T]linois; Missouri’). 
Eresia carlota Reakirt 1866a:141 (new name). 
Phyciodes carlota: Worthington 1880:47. 
Phyciodes gorgone: Holland 1931:139. 
Melitaea gorgone carlota: Klots 1951:95. 
Chlosyne gorgone carlota: dos Passos 1969a:117 (No. 
549b). 
Illinois records.—Map 83. 
Although long known from Illinois, this checkerspot 
(Fig. 2) has undergone a dramatic population explosion 
mn the state within the past few years. Previously it 
appears to have been uncommon to rare. This increase 
‘1 numbers and distribution began in the early 1960's. 
In 1963, Taylor found it common at Mason State For- 
est, Mason County, between June 16 and June PEE 
It was first taken at Streator, La Salle County, on July 
92, 1964, by Gary McCoy (GMcC). The following two 
seasons it abounded everywhere in that area. It was 
reported as common at Perryton Township, Mercer 
County (PJC). A considerable number were observed 
by Irwin at Cahokia, St. Clair County, on June 13-14, 
1970. All records of carlota in Mlinois in our files date 
from 1963 and later except one from Lacon, Marshall 
County, September 13, 1925, R. M. Barnes (ISM), and 
Elsah, Jersey County, May 9, 1942, C. L. Remington 
(CLR). It has been taken between May 8 and Septem- 
berets. 
Chlosyne harrisii_ (Scudder) 
Harris’ checkerspot 
Melitaea harrisii Scudder 1864: 167 (type-locality “Nor- 
way, Maine; Pittsfield, New Hampshire; Princeton, 
Massachusetts”) ; Klots 1951:94. 
Phyciodes harristi: Worthington .1880:47. 
Melitaea harrisi: Holland 1931: 126. 
Chlosyne harrisit: dos Passos 1969a:117 (No. 550). 
Illinois records Kane County: Elgin, June 24 
1931, Bristol (INHS) (Fig. 2). VERMILION COUNTY: 
Danville, August 20, 1960, Ellis (TE). 
We examined both of the above specimens. C. har- 
risii should be of more frequent occurrence in Illinois 
than the few authentic records indicate. It may be over- 
looked because of its superficial resemblance to C. nycteis. 
The species was credited to Illinois by both Holland and 
Klots. 
Phyciodes texana (Edwards) 
Texan crescent 
Eresia texana Edwards 1863b:81 (type-locality restrict- 
ed to “Neu Braunfels, Comal County, Texas” by 
Brown 1966b:421). 
Anthanassa texana: Holland 1931:141. 
Phyciodes texana: Klots 1951:101; dos Passos 1969a: 
119 (No. 563). 
Illinois records——JERSEY COUNTY: Elsah (campus 
of Principia College), positive sight record of a male, 
October 25, 1940, C. L. Remington (CLR). 
The specimen was probably a windblown stray. The 
species has also been taken at Cedar Hill, Missouri, 
about 45 miles south of Elsah (CLR). 
Phyciodes tharos (Drury) 
Pearl crescent 
Danaus tharos Drury 1773(1) :43 (type-locality “New 
Yorks 
Phyciodes tharos: Worthington 1880:47; Holland 1931: 
135; Klots 1951:100; dos Passos 1969a:119 (No. 
566). 
Illinois records.—Map 84. 
One of our commonest butterflies, the diminutive 
pearl crescent abounds throughout the state from late 
spring through autumn. The seasonal variation char- 
acteristic of tharos occurs in Illinois, and a number o’ 
the aberrations which the species tends to produce, prob 
ably caused by cold weather, have been taken. Extrem« 
dates on record are April 20 and October 195% 
Phyciodes batesii (Reakirt) 
Tawny crescent 
Eresia batesii Reakirt “1865” [1866]: 226 (type-localit 
“Winchester, Virginia; Gloucester, New Jersey”). 
Phyciodes batest: Holland 1931:136. 
Phyciodes batesti: Klots 1951:100; dos Passos 1969a 
120 (No. 567). 
Illinois records.—La Sate County: Streator, Jur 
98, 1965, Irwin (INHS) (Fig. 2a 
We submitted this specimen to F. M. Brown for 
amination and he wrote us as follows: “T think it 
probably batesii. It is not really typical of either bate. 
or tharos. The black marks on the fore wing (unde 
side) are intermediate and the margin is tharos. T! 
under hind wing is strictly batesu. The upperside 
the fore wing is definitely tharos, the hind wing int 
mediate. The only clear evidence is the under hi 
wing. The locality is outside the usual range for bate: 
being a little too far south. The date is OK (Ma 
June).” We include batesii in the Illinois list sol 
on the basis of this apparently intermediate specime 
further evidence of its occurrence in the state is need 
Euphydryas phaeton phaeton (Drury) 
Baltimore 
Danaus phaeton Drury 1773(1) :42 (type-locality “N 
York”). 
Melitaea phaeton: Worthington 1880:47. 
Melitaea phaétona: Holland 1931 21%o: 
Euphydryas phaeton phaeton: Klots 1951:93; dos F 
sos 1969a:122 (No. 592). 
Illinois records.—Map 85. 
Comparatively few specimens of this butterfly 
