I. A. Crispa Aurea 
GOLDEN SCREWLEAF 
CRISPA, M—(sterile) with coarse 
leaves of solid green. 
CRISPA AUREA, M—(sterile) with 
leaves centrally splashed with gold. 
Also known under the various com- 
monplace as well as dramatic names 
of Screw leaf, Contorta, Tortuosa and 
Calamistrata or Calamity Holly. These 
odd numbers are featured by a con- 
torted spiralled leaf usually tipped with 
a single fierce spine. Sterile drones of 
the holly family, like their first cousins, 
Ferox, below, they appear to be perfect 
male forms, blooming profusely but 
producing no viable pollen, thank heay- 
ens, to enable them to father any more 
monstrosities. But even ugliness can be 
fascinating and for pure conversational 
value alone these sterile males actually 
steal the show. 
ECHINATA, M—sterile). See Ferox, 
below. 
FEROX, M—(sterile). Also Echinata, 
with fiercest leaves of solid green. 
FEROX ARGENTEA, M—(sterile) 
with leaves edged in silver. 
FEROX AUREA, M—(sterile) with 
leaves centrally illumined with gold. 
26 
Cousins and sometimes sporting from 
Crispa (opp.), this ferociously spined 
holly is variously known as Porcupine 
(Brownell) and Hedgehog. The above 
trio have outdone Crispa by arming 
themselves with the wickedest of fierce 
spines protruding not merely from the 
margins but from the upper surfaces of 
their convex and twisted leaves. 
Many conflicting theories have been 
advanced as to the origin of these 
weird but entrancing hollies. It is my 
observation that the green forms of 
both Crispa and Ferox sport directly 
from common English Holly of the 
female gender, and we have numerous 
Green Porcupines sporting directly back 
or reverting to the normal leaves of the 
species Aquifolium. 
GREEN SHADOW, F—(Brownell). A 
sprightly holly marked with two shades 
of green. Leaves of normal type and 
glossy are centered with light green 
enclosed by a strong marginal band of 
deepest green coloration. See Misty 
Green below for reverse effect. 
HEDGEHOG, M—sterile). See Ferox 
above. 
INGRAMII, M—(See Polkadot). 
L : 
aes 
(I. A. Ferox Aurea) 
Golden Variegated Hedgehog 
PORCUPINE 
