HYDROIDES NORVEGICA. 347 
and separated by a distinct interval, whilst its peculiar bristles are diagnostic. These have 
a shoulder at the end of the shaft, followed by a long whip-like process and two short processes 
(horns). Amongst these are more slender, tapering bristles, with serrated tips. The other 
six bristle-tufts are simple with serrated and tapered tips. Posterior region of seventy 
segments or more, bare anteriorly, but with very slender long tapering bristles posteriorly 
in nine to eleven segments. Anterior hooks form a polygon, with six teeth above the 
main fang; posterior hooks with a longer posterior outline and four teeth above the 
chief fang. The tube forms smooth white coils, marked only by the circular lines of growth, 
which give a barred appearance. Small end turned contrary to the rest of the tube. Often 
in groups. 
Philippi (1844) seems to have had little acquaintance with this type, which he placed 
under his genus Hupomatus. 
SYNONYMS. 
1739. Serpulid 2, Rumphius. Thesaurus Pisce. 'lest., pl. xh, fig. 4. 
1758. Serpula intricata and contortuplicata, Linnzeus. Syst. Nat., 10th Edit., p. 787. 
Tubuli vermiwm, Seba. Thesaurus, Tab. xcin, fig. 3. 
1767. Tubuli alii parm, Jonston. Exsang., Tab. xvii ? 
Serpula intricata, Linneeus. Syst. Nat., xn, p. 1265. 
of rr contortuplicata, idem. Ibid., p. 1266. 
1768. Hydroides norvegica, Gunnerus. Norske Vid.-Selsk., iv, pp. 52—3, pl. u, figs. 11—13. 
1769. “ Tubult viscera avium,” Martini. Conch., 1, pp. 25, 64, Tab. i, fig. 23. 
1770. Antalium, Guettard. Mém. Différ. Parties Se. et Arts, 111, p. 74, pl. Ixix, fig. 1. 
Serpula intricata, Linneus. Fauna Suec., 2205. 
NOT Py vermicularis, Pennant. Brit. Zool., p. 146, Tab. xciv, fig. 2. 
#5 "3 intricata and veversa, idem. Ibid., Tab. xci, fig. 158. 
1778. S. angulata, Da Costa. Hist. Nat. Test. Brit., p. 20, Tab. u, fig. 9. 
1780. Serpula contortuplicata, O. Fabricius. Fauna Greenl., p. 381. 
1789. ‘ vermicularis (partim), O. F. Miller. Zool. Dan., in, p. 9, fig. 9. 
- 5 - Abildgaard. Zoologia Dan., vol. i, pl. Ixxxvi, fig. 8. 
NSO, gp contortwplicata, Donovan. Brit. Shells, pl. xev (partim). 
1803. 55 tubularia, Montagu. ‘Test. Brit., 1, p. 513, and Suppl., p. 1717. 
1806. ss contortuplicata, Turton’s Linn., p. 604. 
intricata, idem. Ibid., p. 604. 
23 3) 
fe ‘ norvegica, idem. Ibid., p. 607. 
1807. 5 reversa, Turton. Brit. Fauna, u, p. 201. 
“ - » Montagu. Test. Brit., p. 508. 
BS twbularia and reversa, Maton and Rackett. Linn. Trans., vin, p. 244. 
IW gp contortuplicata, Dillwyn. Descr. Cat., p. 1076. 
‘ Stewart. Elements, vol. ii, p. 442. 
ie - a Cuvier. Régne Anim., t. 1, p. 518. 
1818. Serpula vermicularis, Lamarck. Anim. s. Vert. t. v, p. 362, var. B. 
5 » mtestinum, idem. Ibid., t. v, p. 363. 
1819. 53 vermicularis, Turton. Conch. Dict., p. 152, var. A and C. 
1820. Serpula contortuplicata, Savigny. Syst. Annel., p. 73. 
1824-33. ,, F Griffiths. Transl. Cuvier, vol. xi, p. 10, pl. vin, fig. 1. 
214 
