GNATHODON STRIGIROSTRIS, Jara. 
Gnathodon. 
Gnathodon strigirostris, Jard. in Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist., vol. xvi. p. 175. pl. ix. 
Tur researches of modern zoologists have not perhaps brought to light a more curious object than the bird 
here represented, a single specimen of which is in the collection of Sir William Jardine, Bart., to whose 
kindness and liberality I am indebted for permission to include a drawing of it in the present work. I 
regret to say that no intelligence whatever could be obtained as to its habits, or the precise locality of which 
it is a native ; it was purchased by Lady Harvey at a sale in Edinburgh, where the other objects sold at the 
same time were all Australian, and mostly peculiar to the south-eastern coast of that country ; hence I have 
heen mduced to include a figure of it in the present work for which I feel that no apology is required, as 
the Plate cannot fail to be viewed with interest by all ornithologists, and will probably induce residents in the 
country to investigate the history of so remarkable a species, While we know so little as we do respecting 
it, every ornithologist must form his own opinion as to the place it should occupy in the natural system ; and 
these opinions will doubtless be very various ; the contour of the bill, the form and position of the nostrils 
are different from those of any other species with which we are acquainted, and although pertaining to so 
much smaller a bird strongly remind one of the celebrated Dodo; the form of the body and wings and the 
structure of the feathers differ but slightly from those of the Columbide, to which family it is, m my opinion, 
most nearly allied; for although at a first glance its strongly hooked upper and deeply notched under man- 
dible would seem to indicate a sanguinary disposition, and that its food consists of animal substances, I am 
inclined to believe that it is frugivorous or granivorous, and that the remarkably formed bill is expressly 
adapted to denude palm-nuts or other strongly coated seeds of their hard outer covering ; the maxille 
are very wide, and the nakedness of the throat would indicate that the gullet is capable of sufficient dilata- 
tion to admit of the passage of articles of food of considerable size. 
The probably unique specimen from which my figure is taken is very perfect, with the exception of the 
scales of the front of the tarsi, which are unfortunately wanting ; Tam consequently left in doubt as to whether 
the legs as far as the knees, if not the upper part of the tarsi, have or have not been clothed with feathers. 
The first description of this species was published by Sir William Jardine in the * Annals and Magazine 
of Natural History,’ above referred to, wherem he states that “we are indebted to Lady Harvey, whose 
extensive collection of natural history in Edinburgh is always open when science can be promoted, for a 
specimen of this remarkable bird ;”° and adds, “ we are aware of no existing description, though there is one 
allusion made to a bird which may eventually turn out to be this. In Mr. Strickland’s Report on the 
Recent Progress and Present State of Ornithology, read before the British Association at York, it is stated, 
‘The ent American voyage of discovery will extend our knowledge of Polynesian zoology, aud its researches 
will be made known by Mr. Titian Peale, who is said to have discovered among other rarities a new bird 
allied to the Dodo, which. he proposes to name Didunculus > and we believe ‘ strigirostris’ has been applied 
specifically.” 
The structure of the wing indicates that its powers of flight are considerable. 
Lores and a small patch on each side of the throat bare and apparently red; head, neck, breast and belly 
elossy greenish black ; feathers of the upper part of the back black, with a crescent-shaped mark of glossy 
ereen at the tip of each feather; back, wings, tail and under tail-coverts rich deep chestnut-red ; primaries 
and secondaries greyish black ; bill orange ; tarsi and feet apparently reddish flesh-colour. 
¥ 7. ; t ‘ « . : << . 5 a 7 ‘, size. 
The figures represent the bird in two positions of the natural 
