BOTANICAL DISCOVERY. XXl 
In 1791 Captain Vancouver, in command of the “ Discovery,’ accom- 
panied by Captain Broughton in the “ Chatham,” visited Dusky Sound, 
making a stay of nearly three weeks. The surgeon to the expedition, 
Archibald Menzies, devoted himself to the higher cryptogams, and made 
a large collection of ferns, mosses, and Hepaticae. Many of his specimens 
were figured by Sir W. J. Hooker in the “ Musci Exotici”’ or “ Icones 
Filicum,” together with a few flowering-plants in the “ [cones Plantarum.” 
A set of his collections is in the British Museum Herbarium, and another 
at Kew. . 
_ The first of the French voyages of discovery to touch at New Zealand 
was that of Captain De Surville, in the “Saint Jean Baptiste.” De 
Surville arrived off Doubtless Bay in December, 1769, only three days after 
Cook had passed the same locality on his way to the North Cape. He 
remained three weeks at anchor in Mangonui Harbour, and was most 
hospitably treated by the Maoris, a hospitality which he returned by 
be@rning,one of their villages and destroying their canoes, apparently because 
he suspected them of stealing a boat which had accidentally got adrift. 
I cannot learn that any natural-history collections were made during this 
visit. 
_ In 1772 an expedition consisting of two vessels, the “‘ Mascarin’”’ and 
the “ Marquis de Castries,” under the command of Marion du Fresne and 
Duclesmeur, arrived off Cape Egmont. Proceeding northwards, and failing 
to find: harbour, the ships rounded the North Cape, and eventually 
anchored in the Bay of Islands, where a stay of over two months was made. 
Marion and his people were welcomed with such apparent cordiality by 
the Maoris that no suspicions of treacherous conduct were aroused. They 
were thus quite unprepared for the sudden attack which was made upon 
them, and which resulted, as is well known, in the massacre of Marion and 
nearly thirty of his crew. A graphic account of this unfortunate incident 
is given in the journal of Crozet, upon whom the command devolved after 
Marion’s death. The same journal contains and excellent sketch of the 
natural productions of the country, in which many references are made 
to the vegetation; but, as in De Surville’s expedition, no collections were 
made. 
In 1824 the surveying corvette “ Coquitle,’ under the command of 
Captain Duperrey, arrived at the Bay of Islands, and remained for nearly 
a fortnight. ‘Two naturalists were on board, Lieutenant D’Urville (after- 
wards Admiral D’Urville), an ardent botanical collector, and M. Lesson, 
both of whom made collections of some extent. In the beginning of 1827 
D’Urville revisited New Zealand in command of the same vessel, renamed 
the “ Astrolabe.” He was again accompanied by Lesson, and also by 
Quoy and Gaimard as zoologists. First sighting the coast of the South 
Island near Greymouth, he proceeded northwards, and, rounding Cape 
Farewell, entered Cook Strait. A secure anchorage was found on the west 
side of Tasman Bay, between the mouth of the Motueka River and Separa- 
tion Point, in which he remained for a week, forming important collections. 
He then crossed to the east side of Tasman Bay, and discovered the strait 
separating D’Urville Island from the mainland, known to this day as “ the 
French Pass.’ Several days were occupied in surveying this passage, 
during which time both the botanical and zoological collections were added 
to. D’Urville then sailed through Cook Strait, and followed the east coast 
of the North Island to Tolaga Bay, where a brief stay was made. Con- 
tinuing his voyage, he rounded the Hast Cape, crossed the Bay of Plenty, 
