BOTANICAL DISCOVERY. XXXIX 
been investigated irom many points of view, and the prothallus oi 
Tmesipterus has been described. Later contributions from Dr. Holloway 
deal with the ecology and distribution of the Hymenophyllaceae (Trans. 
N.Z. Inst.). 
The Pteridophytes have also received attention from Mr. G. B. Stephen- 
son, on young stages of Dicksonia and Cyathea (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 40) ; 
and Miss K. V. Edgerley, on the prothallia of Lycopodium (Trans. N.Z. Inst., 
vol. 47). 
The Gymnosperms have been investigated by Miss E. M. Griffen, on 
the development of Conifer leaves (Trans. N.Z. Inst., vol. 40), and Dr. J. 5. 
Yeates, on root-nodules in New Zealand pines (N.Z. Jour. Sci. & Tech., 
vol. 6). 
The following authors have contributed to the “‘ Transactions of the 
New Zealand Institute” papers in which the anatomy of New Zealand 
floweriny-plants is described: Miss N. A. R. Greensill, leaves of Coprosma ; 
Miss A. C. Finlayson, stems of leafless plants; Miss E. M. Herriott, plants 
of the southern islands ; Miss B. D. Cross, Halophytes ; Miss A. F. Ironside, 
New Zealand Piperaceae; Miss F. W. Cooke, Salicorma australis ; Miss 
E. S. Pegg, sand-dune plants; Miss L. A. Suckling, trees and shrubs ot the 
Port Hills, Christchurch; Miss E. M. Pigott, Nothopanax arboreum ; Miss 
M. W. Betts, plants from the peridotite belt, Nelson, and rosette plants 
from the Cass district ; Mr. J. W. Bird, lianes of Canterbury Plains forest ; 
Mr. C. E. Foweraker, mat and cushion plants of Cass River bed. 
Outside New Zealand, Dr. H. Hauri has published descriptions of New 
Zealand cushion plants (Bot. Centrabl., vol. 33). Mr. R. 8. Adamson has 
described the anatomy of the leaves of several species of Veronica (Jour. 
Linn. Soe., vol. 40); Professor F. O. Bower, in his studies on the phylogeny 
of the Filices (Ann. Bot., vol. 28) dealt with several New Zealand species ; 
Dr. H. Hauri and D. C. Schoeter have dealt with a number of New Zealand 
cushion plants; and Dr. K. Goebel has described the juvenile forms of 
New Zealand plants. 
EVOLUTION OF SPECIES AND GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION, 
Dr. Cockayne’s paper previously mentioned, ‘ Observations concerning 
Evolution derived from Ecological Studies in New Zealand,” deals with such 
topics as variation, mutation, epharmony, hybridization, struggle for exist- 
ence, and distribution. The discovery of hybrids in the genus Nothofagus 
was recorded in N.Z. Jour. Agr., vol. 23, while the whole question of hybridi- 
zation in the New Zealand flora has been treated more fully in the “* New 
Phytologist,” vol. 22, 1928. 
Dr. J. C. Willis, in developing his age and area theory, contributed a 
series of papers to the “ Annals of Botany.” Several of these dealt with 
New Zealand and the outlying islands and are incorporated in his book 
** Age and Area,” published in 1922. 
Dr. C. Skottsberg contributed to the “ Plant World,” vol. 18, 1915, a 
paper on the relations between the floras of New Zealand and subantarctice 
America. 
Distribution within New Zealand has been dealt with by Dr. Cockayne 
in several of his works and, as a separate paper, in the Cawthron Lecture for 
1919, published by the Cawthron Institute. 
