36 FILICES. [Dryopteris. 
NortH AND SoutH Istanps, STEWART IsLAND, CHATHAM ISLANDS, AUCKLAND 
AND CAMPBELL ISLANDS: Abundant throughout. Sea-level to 2500 ft. 
With the exception of Africa, this is universally distributed throughout the tropics ° 
and the South Temperate Zone, advancing as far northwards as Japan. It is often 
confused with Hypolepis tenutfolia, which it much resembles in habit and in the shape 
of the frond. But the stipes and rhachis are markedly viscid-pubescent, the frond 
glandular-hairy on both surfaces, and the sori are not so close to the margin, and are not 
covered by a recurved lobule. r 
7. D. pennigera CU. Christen. Ind. Fal. (1905) 223.—Rhizome stout, erect, 
sometimes lengthened into a short caudex 1-2 ft. high, clothed with fibrous 
rootlets and the bases of the old stipites. Stipes 6-12 in. long, stout, rather 
succulent, more or less clothed with large ovate-lanceolate brownish scales 
near the base, smooth and glabrous above. Fronds 2-5 ft. long, 9-18 in. 
broad, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, thin and membranous, glabrous, 
pinnate, pinnatifid at the apex; rhachis smooth, glabrous or slightly hairy 
above. Pinnae numerous, opposite or nearly so, spreading, 3-9 in. long, 
3-Ij1n. broad, the lower ones gradually reduced, narrow linear-oblong or 
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, truncate or almost auricled at the base, pinna- 
tifid about half-way to the midrib; lobes oblong or ovate-oblong, slightly 
falcate, obtuse, entire or obscurely sinuate, basal ones often greatly 
lengthened. Veins pinnate in the lobes; veinlets 6-10 on each side, the 
2 lowest pairs uniting at the tips with those of the adjoining lobes. Sori 
one to each veinlet, forming two rows much nearer the midrib than the 
margin. — Polypodium pennigerum Forst. f. Prodr. (1786) 444; Hook. f. 
Handb. N.Z. Fl. (1864) 381; Hook. Sp. Fil. v (1864) 7; Hook. and Bak. 
Syn. Ful. (1873) 317; Thoms. N.Z. Ferns (1882) 87; Field N.Z. Ferns (1890) 
137, t. 25, f. 3, and t. 26, f. 4; Cheesem. Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 1009. 
P. subsimile Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xx (1888) 233. Goniopteris pennigera 
J. Smith Lond. Journ, Bot. iv (1841) 54; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. 11 (1855) 40. 
Aspidium pennigerum Swartz Syn. Fil. (1806) 49; A. Rich. Fl. Now. Zel. 
(1832) 67; A. Cunn. Precur. (1836) n. 217; Raoul Choix (1846) 38. 
Nephrodium pennigerum Presi Rel. Haenk. (1825) 35. 
Var. Hamiltoni Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xiv (1882) 338.—Smaller and more 
delicate, pale-green. Fronds 1-2 ft. long, 3-5in. broad; pinnae irregular, crisped, 
pinnatifid three-quarters of the way to the midrib or more ; lobes coarsely and sharply 
irregularly dentate. Veinlets confined to the lobes, the lowest pair not meeting those 
of the adjoining lobes. Sori midway between the midrib and the margin. A very 
peculiar plant, but possibly only an abnormal state. 
NortH AND SoutH Isntanps, CHatHam IstaAnDs: From the North Cape to 
Foveaux Strait, abundant in woods by the side of streams, &c. Sea-level to 2000 ft. 
Var. Hamiltoni: Kereru (Hawke’s Bay), A. Hamilton / 
A very distinct and well-marked species. According to Christensen, it occurs in 
Polynesia as well as in New Zealand. Mr. Carse has pointed out to me that in large 
specimens the basal lobes of the pinnae are often greatly lengthened, a peculiarity that 
does not seem to have been mentioned in previous descriptions. 
8. D. parasitica O. Kuntze Rev. Gen. Pl. ii (1891) 811.—Rhizome very 
shortly creeping or tufted and erect, densely rooting. Stipes 9-24 in. long, 
slender, greenish, naked or pubescent with soft spreading hairs. Fronds 
1-3 ft. long, 6-12 in. broad, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, gradually nar- 
rowed at the base, pale-green, membranous and flaccid, sparingly pilose 
on both surfaces or almost glabrous when old, pinnate ; rhachis pale, pilose 
with spreading hairs. Pinnae numerous, the lower ones gradually dwarted, 
spreading, sessile, 3-6in. long, about 2in. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, 
