Lycopodium. | LYCOPODIACEAE. 10] 
Dr. Gaze! Otira Gorge, 7. F.C. Very abundant in Westland, especially on the trunks 
of Dicksonia squarrosa, Holloway ! Sea-level to 2000 ft. 
A very variable plant, which cannot be separated by any positive characters from 
L. varium. Var. gracile is more distinct, and might almost be distinguished as a separate 
species. 
4. L. densum Labill. Pl. Nov. Holl. ii (1806) 104, t. 251—Rhizome long, 
stout, subterranean, frequently 4-6 ft. in length. Stems rigidly erect, 
woody, dendroid, 1-4 ft. high, or even more when drawn up by surrounding 
vegetation, simple below, much and densely fastigiately branched above ; 
branches repeatedly divided; branchlets slender, ascending, zs—} in. diam. 
Leaves inserted all round the stem and branches, distant towards the base 
of the stem, much closer together above. There are three distinct types 
of fohage, usually confined to separate branches, that most generally seen 
being erect, densely imbricating and closely appressed to the branch, 
z0-zz in. long, subulate-lanceolate and shortly aristate. In the other 
types the foliage is larger, and erecto-patent or squarrose. Spikes solitary 
and terminal on the branchlets, very numerous, erect, 4-1 in. long, about 
gin. diam., cylindric, obtuse. Bracts close-set, broadly ovate, acute but 
not cuspidate, spreading when mature; margins scarious, jagged. Spores 
echinate—A. Cunn. Precur. (1836) n. 153; Raoul Choiz (1846) 37; Hook. 
f. Fl. Nov. Zel. ii (1855) 53; Handb. N.Z. Fl. (1864) 389; Benth. Fl. Austral. 
vil (1878) 676; Bak. Fern Allies (1887) 24; Cheesem. Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 
1036, 
NortH Istanp: Abundant from the North Cape to Poverty Bay and Kawhia, 
usually in light scrub on clay soils. Sourn Isnanp: Marlborough, Buchanan. 
Nelson—Lower Takaka, Denniston (near Westport), J. Z. H olloway! CHATHAM ISLANDS : 
Dieffenbach. Sea-level to 3000 ft. 
Also in Norfolk Island, Australia and Tasmania, and New Caledonia. I had 
supposed that the differences in foliage represented sterile or juvenile branches, but 
Mr. Holloway informs me that such differences do not depend upon whether the plant 
is young or old, sterile or fertile. 
ad 
5. L. cernuum Linn. Sp. Plant. (1753) 1566.Stems stout, creeping 
by successive loops which root at the nodes, 1-10 ft. long, leafy throughout ; 
primary branches rigidly erect, 9-18 in. long or more, much branched in 
the upper portion, usually simple below ; lower branchlets copiously divided, 
short, spreading or ascending, pendulous towards the tips. Leaves inserted 
all round the stems and branches, crowded, squarrose or incurved towards 
the tips, ;4,-$in. long, narrow linear-subulate, decurrent at the base, pale 
soit-green, keeled by the prominent midrib beneath. Spikes numerous, 
solitary and sessile on the incurved or pendulous tips of the branchlets, 
4-3 In. long, oblong, obtuse, cylindric. Bracts imbricating all round, 
broadly ovate, narrowed into a long cuspidate point ; margins denticulate.— 
A. Cunn. Precur. (1836) n. 154; Raoul Choix (1846) 37; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. 
Zel. ii (1855) 54; Handb. N.Z. Fl. (1864) 390; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii (1878) 
676; Bak. Fern Allies (1887) 23; Thoms. N.Z. Ferns (1882) 105 ; Cheesem. 
Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 1037. (?) L. polycephalum Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. 
Xvi (1885) 401. 
Kermaprec Istanps: Sunday Island, in the large crater-basin, not common, 
T. F.C., W. R. B. Oliver!’ Norra Istanp: From the North Cape to the East Cape and 
Taupo, abundant to the north of the Thames and Waikato Rivers, and in great profusion 
in heated soil in the thermal-springs district, from Rotorua to Taupo. Sea-level to 
2500 ft. Soura Isnanp: West Wanganui, B. C. Aston / 
A common tropical plant all round the world. Frequently luxuriating in the 
neighbourhood of hot springs. 
