Imperata. | GRAMINEAE. 137 
Lin. long, enveloped by long soft hairs }-4in. long. Outer glume as long 
as the spikelet, lanceolate, subacute, membranous, obscurely 5-nerved, 
laxly pilose along the back, ciliolate at the apex; the 2nd similar but | 
3-nerved ; 3rd 4 shorter, broadly ovate, obtuse, hyaline, nerveless. Flower- | 
ing glume 4 shorter than the outer empty glumes, ovate, acuminate, 
tridentate, hyaline, nerveless. Palea broad, truncate, fimbriate-ciliate. 
Stamen 1. Stigmas long, purple—I. arundinacea Cheesem. in Trans. 
N.Z. Inst. xx (1888) 175 (not of Cyr.); Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 843; Jl. 
N.Z. Fl. 1 (1914) t. 218. 
KERMADEC IsLANDS: Cliffs on the north side of Sunday Island, abundant. 
T. F. C., Miss Shakespear! W. R. B. Oliver ! 
Closely allied to I, exaltata Brong., but a much smaller plant, with a smaller and 
less branched panicle, larger and broader spikelets on more clavate pedicels, and with 
the outer glume 5-nerved. | 
2. ZOYSIA Willd. 4=01 
Small perennial creeping grasses. Culms branched at the base, rigid, 
erect. Leaves distichous, subulate, often pungent-pointed. Spikelets few, 
ovoid, 1-flowered, sessile or shortly pedicelled, not distichous, jointed on and 
closely appressed along a rigid notched unjointed rhachis, forming a short 
spike. Glumes 2; the outer one empty, broad, convolute, coriaceous, 
shining and nerveless; the inner flowering one included within the outer 
and much smaller than it, membranous, hyaline. Palea still smaller, short, 
nerveless, hyaline, sometimes wanting. Lodicules wanting. Stamens 3. 
Styles long, distinct’; stigmas elongate. Grain free, enclosed within the 
hardened outer glume. 
A small genus of 2 or 3 closely related species, found on the shores of southern 
and eastern Asia, Mauritius, Australia, and New Zealand. 
hott Ne (lL. Mark TT 12S: rv aes Roget's 
1. Z. pungens Willd. on Ges. Naturf. Fr. Neue Schr. iii (1801) 441.— e 
Rhizome long, creeping, branched, rigid and wiry. Culms numerous from (.). 
the rhizome, often branched at the base, erect, rigid, glabrous, usually from call 
1 to 3in. high, but sometimes taller and attaining 4-6 in. or even more. (9 22309 
Leaves more or less spreading, subulate, flat or convolute, coriaceous ; 
sheaths short, grooved, tipped with a few cilia; ligule wanting. Spike 
terminal, 4—-} in. long; spikelets usually 3-5, but in small specimens often 
reduced to one, and in large ones sometimes as many as 7-9. Outer 
glume smooth and shining, convolute, coriaceous, tip often produced into ¢ 
a short awn. Flowering glume thin and hyaline, included within the 
outer glume.—Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. 1 (1853) 312; Handb. N.Z. Fl. (1864) 
324; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii (1878) 506; Buch. N.Z. Grasses (4879) |S@O.ee 
t. 184; Cheesem. Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 844. Rottboella uniflora A. Cunn. “® 
Precur, (1836) n. 267 ; Raoul Choia (1846) 39. | 
Nort and SoutH Istanps: Abundant on sandy shores from the North Cape 
to Banks Peninsula and Okarito, less common in dry places inland, ascending to 
2000 ft. at Lake Taupo and in Canterbury and Otago. Also not uncommon on the 
shores of Australia and Tasmania, extending northwards to India, Malacca, and China. 
3. PASPALUM Linn. 
Annual or perennial grasses, of various habit. Spikelets 1-flowered, 
orbicular or oblong, obtuse or rarely acute, not awned, sessile or very 
shortly pedicelled, arranged in one or two rows on one side of a slender 
; - . . 4 ay und te. “Lee. 22° 
Tv TW Ae, mat 4. a = Cre. oes AR 
G re 4 wey (idGey th y 
= D warar we (Cold Letey. 
