238 CYPERACEAE, [Gahnia. 
N.Z. Inst. xviii (1886) 278-80. Lampocarya setifolia A. Rich. Fl. Nouv. Zel. 
(1832) 111; A. Cunn. Precur. (1836) n. 282; Raoul Chorx (1846) 40. 
Nortu Istanp: Abundant throughout, mainly in light forest or scrub. SourH 
IstanD: Marlborough—Picton, J. Rutland ! Sea-level to 2000 ft. December- 
January. 
2. G. rigida T. Kirk in Trans. N.Z. Inst. 1x (1877) 551.—Stems densely 
tufted, harsh and rigid, erect, 2-4 ft. high. Leaves equalling the stems, 
with involute scabrid margins and very long drooping filiform points. 
Panicle stiff, erect, rather narrow, elongate, 14-24 ft. long; branches 
numerous, short, strict, erect; bracts with dark sheaths and long filiform 
points. Spikelets numerous, crowded, dark-brown or almost black, 4—} in. 
long, 2-flowered; the lower flower male, the upper hermaphrodite and 
fruit-bearing. Glumes 6-7; the 3-4 outer empty, almost equal in length, 
keeled, narrowed into long acuminate points, scaberulous on the keel, 
margins paler, membranous; the 3 inner small at the time of flowering, 
enlarged in fruit, convolute, obtuse. Stamens 4-5 in each flower; fila- 
ments greatly elongated in fruit. Style-branches 3. Nut small, din. 
long, oblong-obovoid, smooth, brown, or brown mottled with red and 
black.—G. exigua Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xviii (1886) 279.—Cheesem. 
Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 792. “tl: wWwul.S. 
SoutH Istanp: Nelson—Dun Mountain, 7’. F. C. ; Aorere Valley and Ngakawau, 
T. Kirk; Westport, W. Townson! Westland—Between Hokitika and Ross, Marsden, 
near Greymouth, 7’. Kirk / southwards to the Waiho River and the Franz Josef Glacier, 
Cockayne. Sea-level to 2500 ft. 
Distinguished from G. setifolia by the usually smaller size, erect rigid panicle, 
longer and more acuminate subequal glumes, and more obovoid nut. The erect compact 
panicle, subequal glumes, and small nut separate it from the following species. 
3. G. paucifiora 7. Kirk in Trans. N.Z. Inst. i, ed. 2 (1871) 94.— 
Stems slender, sparingly leafy, 2-3 ft. high, rarely more. Leaves equalling 
the stems, narrow, with scabrid cutting edges and long filiform points. 
Panicle long, lax but narrow, 14-3 ft. long; branches distant, slender ; 
bracts long, leafy. Spikelets loosely scattered on the branches of the 
panicle, not crowded, sessile or shortly pedicelled, brownish-black, 4-4 in. 
long, 2-flowered ; lower flower male, upper hermaphrodite and fruit-bearing. 
Glumes usually 8; the 5 lower ones empty, gradually increasing in size, 
ovate, acute or acuminate; the 3 upper small at first, but enlarging in 
fruit, deeply concave, appressed to the nut, obtuse. Stamens 4-5 to each 
flower; filaments greatly elongated in fruit. Style-branches 3-4. Nut 
large, 4-4 in. long, elliptic-ovoid, acute at both ends, smooth and shining, 
often grooved on the inner face, red-brown with a dark tip, transversely 
grooved within.—Cheesem. Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 793; O. B. Clarke Ill. Cyp. 
(1909) t. xevii, f.6. G. Hectori 7. Kirk in Trans. N.Z. Inst. ix (1877) 551. 
Nort anb Sourn Tsnanps : Fromthe North ape cor tc to Marlborough,” 
Nelson, and Westland, plentiful. Sea-level to 3000 ft. October-December. 
A well-marked species, at once recognized by the slender elongated panicle, with 
lax distant branches; the numerous empty glumes, the lower of which are unusually 
small; and the large red-brown nut. Pa 
iS 
4, G. xanthocarpa Hook. Py iionde N.Z. Fl. (1864) 306.—Stems 
numerous, stout, often as thick it, the finger, densely tufted, leafy, 5-12 ft. 
high, forming huge clumps in forests. Leaves numerous, very long, 31n. 
broad or more, involute, scabrid on the margins and veins, upper part 
