264 CYPERACEAE, [ Carex. 
of the emargination, dark red-brown or purplish-brown usually with a 
green stripe down the centre. Utricle ovate, much compressed, con- 
spicuously nerved, green or brownish-green, narrowed into a very short 
entire or minutely 2-toothed beak. Styles 2. Nut broadly ovate, plano- 
convex.—Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. 1 (1853) 282; Handb. N.Z. Fl. (1864) 314 ; 
Cheesem. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xvi (1884) 480; Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 819; 
Kukenth. in Pflanzenr. Heft 38 (1909) 366. 
Norra AND Soutu Isuanps: Abundant in swamps from the North Cape to Nelson, 
North Canterbury, and Westport. Sea-level to 2000 ft. November—January. 
Chiefly distinguishable from C, Gaudichaudiana by the larger size, more numerous, 
and much longer often stalked spikelets, and by the awn to the glume, although 
the last is a variable character. Mr. C. B. Clarke considered it to be a variety of 
C. Gaudichaudiana, an opinion with which I cannot agree. 
91. C. Darwinii Boott in Proc. Innn. Soc. 1 (1845) 261.— Rhizome 
thick, creeping, stoloniferous. Culms 1-5 ft. high, stout below, slender 
and drooping above, sharply triquetrous, faces concave. Leaves numerous, 
equalling or longer than the culms, 4-?in, broad, margins and midrib 
sharply seabrid ; bracts leafy, the lower far exceeding the culms. Spike- 
lets numerous, 6-15, dark ferruginous-brown, distant, long-stalked, pen- 
dulous, 3-3 in. long; upper 1-3 male, solitary or the lower geminate ; the 
remainder female but often with a few male flowers at the top, geminate 
or ternate, lax-flowered at the base. Glumes lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 
dark-brown with a pale keel, 1-3-nerved, cuspidate. Utricle ovate, plano- 
convex, 3-5-nerved on each face, minutely papillose-granulate and more 
ot less spotted with purple, narrowed into a very short beak with an almost 
entire mouth. Styles 2. Nut broadly obovoid.—Hook. f. Fl. Antarct. 11 
(1847) 364, t. 145; Boott Ill. Car. iv (1867) 156, t. 504-5; Cheesem. Man. 
N.Z. Fl. (1906) 1154; Kukenth. in Pflanzenr. Heft 58 (1909) 367. 
Var. urolepis Aukenth. l.c.—Glumes of the female flowers long-awned, much 
exceeding the utricles.—C. urolepis Franch. in Miss. Sc. Cape Horn, v (1889) 376, t. 5. 
CuatHam Is~taANnpDS: Lowland swamps, Cockayne! W. R, B. Oliver! AUCKLAND 
Isutanps: Chapman! AwntipopEs Isuanp: B. C. Aston / 
Also in South America, where it stretches from Chile to the Strait of Magellan 
and Fuegia. All the specimens hitherto found in New Zealand fall under var. urolepis. 
As a species C. Darwinit comes nearer to C. ternaria than to any other New Zealand 
species, principally differing in the utricle and glumes, 
Sok =x 42 - | 
22. C. ternaria Forst. f. Prodr. (1786) n. 549—Usually very tall and 
stout. Rhizome thick, stoloniferous. Culms robust, 1$-4ft. high, tri- 
quetrous with the angles very sharply scabrid, faces grooved and striate. 
Leaves numerous, equalling or exceeding the culms, broad, flat, grassy, 
grooved, 4+-tin. broad; margins and midrib beneath sharply> scabrid ; 
sheathing scales at the base of the leaves with the margins transversely 
fibrillose. Spikelets numerous, 8-24, dark-brown, stout, long-stalked, 
pendulous, 1-4in. long; upper 1-6 male, solitary or the lower geminate ; 
the remainder female, usually with male flowers at the top, geminate or 
ternate or even quinate, the lowest on very long peduncles; bracts very 
long and leafy, overtopping the inflorescence. Glumes lanceolate to oblong- 
lanceolate or oblong-ovate, obtuse or retuse at the tip, with a stout hispid 
awn of very variable length but usually exceeding the utricles, dark-brown 
with a green keel. Utricle ovate, biconvex, turgid, nerved, brownish, 
narrowed into a very short beak with an entire mouth. Styles 2. Nut 
