386 PROTEACEAE. [ Persoonia. 
1. P. Toru A. Cunn. in Bot. Mag. sub. t. 3513—A handsome closely 
branched tree 15 to 30 or 40 ft. high; trunk 6-18 in. diam.; branchlets 
woody, terete, glabrous or the younger ones minutely puberulous. Leaves 
alternate, 4-8 in. long, narrow linear-lanceolate, acute or apiculate or rarely 
obtuse, gradually narrowed into a short petiole, quite entire, very thick 
and coriaceous, glabrous, smooth and polished on both surtaces, veins very 
obscure. Racemes axillary, strict, erect, 6-12-flowered, everywhere clothed 
with ferruginous pubescence. Perianth yellowish-brown, shortly pedicelled, 
i-lin, long, pubescent externally. Ovary almost sessile, glabrous; style 
short, thick, not reaching the anthers; stigma oblique. Drupe oblong, 
reddish, 4-2 in. long, 1- or 2-celled, with a single seed in each cell.—Cheesem. 
Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 605; Ill. N.Z. Fl. 11 (1914) t. 170; P. Tora A. Cunn. 
Precur. (1838) n. 349; Raoul Choix (1846) 42. P. Toro Hook. f. Fl. Nov, 
Zel. i (1853) 219; Handb. N.Z. Fl, (1864) 241; 2. Kirk Forest Fl. (1889) 
t. 74. 
NortH Istanp: Not uncommon in woods from the North Cape to Rotorua and 
the East Cape. Sea-level to 2800 ft. Toru; Toro. October-November. 
The specific name was given as “Toru” in Cunningham’s original description in 
the ‘“ Botanical Magazine,” and according to Mr. Colenso this is the proper spelling of 
the Maori name. It was, however, changed to ‘*‘ Tora’ in Cunningham’s subsequently 
published ‘‘ Precursor,’ and was again altered to “Toro” by Sir J. D. Hooker. The 
wood is dark-red and prettily figured, and is occasionally used for inlaying and 
ornamental cabinetwork. 
2. KNIGHTIA R. Br. 1K\60 . Korn. cone, 
._ Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, coriaceous, coarsely toothed or 
entire. Flowers hermaphrodite, regular, arranged in axillary or terminal 
dense-flowered racemes; pedicels in pairs. Perianth cylindrical; the 
segments at first cohering by their margins, but ultimately separating and 
revolute to the base. Stamens affixed above the middle of the segments ; 
filaments very short; anthers long, linear, acute. Hypogynous glands 4, 
distinct. Ovary sessile, 1-celled; style long, straight, linear-clavate ; 
ovules 4. Follicles coriaceous, l-celled, 4-seeded. Seeds winged at the top. 
A small genus of 3 species, the typical one confined to New Zealand. The 
remaining 2 are natives of New Caledonia, and form the subgenus Eucarpha, 
characterized by the large deciduous bracts. 
1. K. excelsa R. Br. in Trans. Linn. Soc. x (1810) 194, t. 2.—A tall 
slender tapering tree 60-90 ft. high, with the narrow fastigiate mode of 
growth of a Lombardy poplar; trunk 2-4 ft. diam.; bark dark-brown or 
almost black; branches erect, the younger ones angled and clothed with 
rusty brown pubescence. Leaves of mature trees 4-6 in. long, linear-oblong 
or narrow obovate-oblong, obtuse, coarsely and bluntly toothed, very corl- 
aceous, hard, rigid, almost woody, pubescent when young, quite glabrous 
when old; leaves of young trees not so coriaceous, longer and narrower, 
4-10 in. long, linear or linear-lanceolate, often acute, more acutely serrate. 
Racemes lateral, sessile, 2-4in. long; peduncles and perianth densely 
clothed with bright red-brown velvety tomentum. Flowers in pairs on 
short pedicels, densly crowded, 1-l$in. long. Perianth cylindric, 
swollen above; segments separating to the base and coiling up into 4 
twisted mass. Ovary tomentose; style 1-1} in. long, stout, erect, clavate 
