410 CHENOPODIACEAE. [Atriplea. 
Males fascicled at the tips of the branches, ebracteate. Perianth 5-partite ; 
segments oblong, obtuse. Stamens 5, exserted ; filaments filiform, connate 
at the very base. Females solitary or 2 together in the axils of the cauline 
leaves, minute, sessile. Fruiting-bracts combined into a shortly 2-lipped 
fleshy urceolate cup. Perianth wanting. Styles 2, filiform, Utricle 
included within the bracts, orbicular, compressed, its edges opposite to the 
bracts, not parallel, as is usual in the genus; pericarp very thin. Seed 
red-brown, A. Billardieri Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. 1 (1853) 215; Fl. Tasm. i 
(1860) 315, t. 95; Handb. N.Z. Fl. (1864) 232; Benth. Fl. Austral. v 
(1870) 180; Cheesem Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 584. Theleophyton Billardien 
Mog. in DC Prodr, xin, 1 (1849) 115. 
Norru Istanp: On sandy beaches, rare and local. Auckland—North Cape, 
Buchanan! Rangaunu Harbour, H. Carse! Takou Bay, T. F. C.; Whangaruru, 
Colenso; Great Barrier Island, Omaha, 7. Kirk! between Tauranga and Maketu, 
Spencer! Matakana Island, 7. 7. C.; Anaura Bay (East Cape), Bishop Williams ! 
SrewArt IsnAND: Paterson’s Inlet, Petrie! 7. Kirk / CuatHaM IsLAnps: Puchanan. 
December—April. 
A very remarkable species, differing from all others in the fruit being placed 
transversely to the bracts, not parallel. [t is also found in Victoria and Tasmania. 
4, SALICORNIA Linn. 171. 
Annual or perennial herbs, often woody at the base. Stems cylindric, 
jointed, erect or procumbent, usually much branched; branches opposite. 
Leaves succulent, opposite and decussate, the opposite pairs connate by 
their margins, thus forming joints or segments, each joint concave at 
the top and expanded into a kind of rim, the joint above sitting in the 
concavity thus formed. Inflorescence of terminal spikes. Flowers usually 
3-5 together in the axils of the leaves or bracts, but the number varies 
from 3-12 or more in the New Zealand species. Perianth thin and mem- 
branous, 2—5-partite. Stamens 1-2. Styles 2. Utricle with a thick or 
thin testa, often covered with fine curved hairs. 
A genus of about 25 species, abundant on salt marshes in most parts of the world, 
The single New Zealand species belongs to the subgenus Arthrocnemum Moquin, which 
is separated from Salicornia proper mainly by somewhat obscure embryological 
characters. 
Until quite recently, Salicornia has been described as ‘leafless,’ and the green 
or reddish “joints” or ‘‘ segments” were regarded as part of the succulent cortex. 
Thanks, however, to the researches of Douval-Jouve, it is now recognized that the 
‘segments ” are in reality fleshy internodes or leaf-bases, which carry on the assimila- 
tory work of the plant. For information on this interesting point, reference should be 
made to Miss Ethel De Fraine’s memoir on “The Anatomy of the Genus Salicornia.” 
(Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xli (1913) 317): to Dr. Moss’s paper “ On Some Species of 
Salicornia” (Journ. Bot. xlix (1911) 177); and the Cambridge British Flora, vol. 1, 
p- 187 et seq. 
1. S. australis Soland. ex Forst. f. Prody. (1786 i89.—Stems procum- 
bent or almost prostrate below, sometimes woody at the base, usually 
6-12 in. long, more rarely reaching 12-20in. ; branches numerous, jointed, 
ascending or erect. Joints +-3in. long, }-}in. diam., terete below, 
usually faintly compressed above, shortly 2-lobed at the tip, with a narrow 
thin and membranous margin. Flowering branches or spikes shorter and 
thicker than the ordinary branches, the joints much shorter, often broader 
than long. Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous, sunk in the axils of 
the shortened leaf-bases (joints), usually from 5-10 in each axil, rarely as 
