Hypericum. | GUTTIFERAE. 567 
Piles ees _ 
Family LXVIII. | GUTTIFERAE. | 
Trees, shrubs, or herbs, often furnished with a yellow or greenish juice. 
Leaves opposite or rarely whorled, coriaceous or membranous, often punc- 
tate with pellucid glands; stipules rarely present. Flowers axillary or 
terminal, solitary or cymose or panicled, hermaphrodite, polygamous, or 
dioecious, Sepals 5, rarely fewer. Petals usually 4-5, rarely more, gene- 
rally much contorted in bud. Stamens numerous, hypogynous ; filaments 
free or collected into as many bundles as there are petals; anthers usually 
versatile. Ovary of 3-5 carpels; styles as many, free or united ; ovules 
few or many, axile or erect from the base of the cell. Fruit capsular or 
berried. Seed exalbuminous. 
A family containing about 45 genera and 850 species, mostly inhabiting the tropics 
of both hemispheres. Several species yield valuable timber ; others produce a 
delicious fruit, of which the mangosteen (Garcinia) is the best known example. The 
single New Zealand genus has a wide distribution, and differs in several respects from 
the remainder of the family, so that many botanists treat it as a distinct family. 
HYPERICUM Linn.  \*“Qe~s REE ee 
Herbs or shrubs. Leaves opposite or rarely whorled, thin, usuall 
sessile, entire or rarely minutely toothed. Flowers generally yellow, solitary 
or cymose, terminal or axillary. Sepals5. Petals 5, smooth within. Ovary 
either 1-celled with 3-5 parietal placentas, or 3-5-celled through the placentas 
meeting in the axis; styles distinct or united at the base ; ovules usually 
numerous. Capsule septicidal or dehiscing at the placentas. Seeds not 
winged. 
A rather large genus comprising over 200 species, widely dispersed, but particularly 
abundant in south Europe, western Asia, and North America. 
Erect or nearly so. Leaves subcordate at the base, with revolute 
margins = at ha ye - 1. H. gramineum. 
Procumbent. Leaves oblong or obovate, margins flat .. .. 2. H. japonicum. 
1. H? gramineum Forst. f. Prodr. (1786) n. 281.—A perfectly glabrous 
strict and wiry perennial 4-12in. high or more. Stems branched from 
the base, erect or ascending, 4-angled, sparingly leafy. Leaves 3-$ in. 
long, rarely more, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, cordate at the base and 
stem-clasping, obtuse, quite entire, marked with numerous pellucid dots ; 
margins more or less revolute. Flowers 4-}in. diam., sometimes solitary 
in small specimens, but usually in terminal trichotomous cymes, with a 
pair of bracts at the base of each fork; pedicels strict, erect. Sepals 
oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse. Petals longer than the sepals, golden- 
yellow. Capsule ovoid, acute, 1-celled, 3-valved, usually longer than the 
sepals.—Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i (1853) 36; Handb. N.Z, Fl. (1864) 29; 
Benth. Fl. Austral. i (1863) 182; T. Kirk Students’ Fl. (1899) 67; Cheesem. 
Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 74. Brathys Forsteri Spach in Ann. Ser. Nat. Ser. 2, 
v. 367; Raoul Chore (1846) 47. 
North AnD SoutH Istanps: From Whangaroa North (Petrie /) to the south of 
Otago, but rare and local to the north of Hawke's Bay. Altitudinal range from sea- 
level to 2000 ft. Also found in Australia and Tasmania, and in New Caledonia. 
2. H. japonicum Thunb. Fl. Jap. (1784) 295, t. 31—A slender pro- 
cumbent or diffuse much or sparingly branched plant 2-6 in. high ; branches 
ascending at the tips. Leaves small, 4-4in., broadly oblong or oblong- 
