— 
574 VIOLACEAE. | Zymenanthera. 
Petals twice as long as the sepals, linear-oblong, recurved at the tips. Con- 
nective of the anthers with a narrow appendage toothed or fimbriate at the 
tip, and an oblong scale at the back. Females: Calyx and petais of the 
males, but rather smaller. Abortive anthers present. Style 2-hd. Berry 
2-seeded ; seeds oblong, flat on the inner face, convex on the outer.—7. Kirk 
Students’ Fl. (1899) 44; Cheesem. Man. N.Z. #1. (1906) 49. 
Var. alpina Kirk I.c.—Much depressed, 1-2 ft. diam., forming a mass of densely 
compacted short and thick spinous branches. Leaves {-} in. long, oblong or linear- 
obovate, very thick and coriaceous, 
Nortru Istanp: Wellington—Turangarere, A. Hamilton! Lake Tama (between 
Ngauruhoe and Ruapehu), 7. F. C.; Upper Rangitikei, Petrie! SourTn Istanp: 
Mountain districts from Nelson and Marlborough to Foveaux Strait, not uncommon. 
Stewart Isnanpd: Mount Anglem, Cockayne, F. G. Gibbs; Port Pegasus, Cockayne. 
Var. alpina: Clarence Valley and Lake Tennyson, 7’. 7. C.; Broken River basin and 
other localities on the eastern side of the Southern Alps, 7. Kirk! J. D. Enys! 
Cockayne, and others. Central Otago, abundant, Petrie! H. J. Matthews / and others. 
In its usual state this curious plant is best distinguished from H. crassifolia by the 
more slender frequently leafless branches, which are usually thickly dotted with minute 
lenticels, and by the narrower leaves. The Nelson specimens, which are the only ones 
I have seen in flower, are certainly dioecious, but Tasmanian specimens are said to be 
hermaphrodite. But I think there can be little doubt that the New Zealand plant will 
prove to be distinct from the Australian. 
Ee Ripa (TAY WARS, Rec Drm. Wns: tL ies), 
4 af 
2. H. erassifolia Hook. f. Fl Now. Zel. + (1853) 17, 4. 7A low niaid 
prostrate or erect densely branched shrub 2-5 ft. high; branches tortuous, 
stout and woody, sometimes much interlaced, often hard and spinescent 
at the tin; bark greyish-white, usually studded with minute lenticels ; 
branchlets pubescent. Leaves variable in size and shape, alternate or 
fascicled, very thick and coriaceous, }-l1din. long, linear-spathulate or 
linear-obovate, entire or sinuate, rarely lobed, rounded or emarginate at the 
apex; petioles short, stout; stipules small, ovate, margins lacerate. 
Flowers very small, solitary or 2-3 together, axillary; peduncles shorter 
than the flowers, decurved, bearing 1-2 sheathing bracts about the middle. 
Sepals orbicular, with fimbriate margins. Petals narrow-oblong, obtuse, 
recurved at the apex. Anthers 5, the broad membranous connectives 
connate into a tube which carries a fimbriate projection above each 
anther and a broad scale at the back. Ovary l-celled; style 2-fid. 
Berry purplish, broadly oblong, 4-4in. diam.; seeds 2.—Handb. N.Z. Fl. 
(1864) 18; 7. Kirk Students’ Fl. (1899) 44; Cheesem. Man. N.Z. FI. 
(1906) 49. T. Soli9 elite. 
Norra Istanp: Northern shores of Cook Strait, 7. Kirk / Kapiti Island, B. C. 
Aston! Wellington Heads, T. Kirk! B, C. Aston! Cockayne, T. F. C.; Cape Tura- 
kirae, B. C. Aston! Cape Palliser, Colenso! Sourn Istanp: Nelson—Coast between 
the Boulder Bank and Croixelles Harbour, 7. Kirk, F. G. Gibbs / T. F. 0. Marlborough 
—Pelorus Sound, J. Rutland. Canterbury— Banks Peninusla, J. B. Armstrong, 
Cockayne, R. M. Laing. Otago—Reported from several localities, but the inland stations 
require verification. Septem ber—October. 
A variable plant. It is allied on one side to H. dentata var. anqustifolia, and on the 
other to H. obovata. . 
3. H. obovata 7. Kirk in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xxvii (1895) 350.—An erect 
shrub 4-12 ft. high, in sheltered places slender and sparingly branched 
in more exposed situations forming a compactly branched bush or even 
prostrate at the base. Branches stout or slender; bark greyish, often 
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