660 UMBELLIFERAE. [Aciphylla. 
#. Forming large or small, simple or branched masses 4-12 in. diam. Leaves exces- 
sively rigid and coriaceous, pungent, smooth and polished. Umbels forming a terminal 
globose head. 
Leaves very densely imbricating, 4-8 in. long, pinnately divided 
into 2-4 pairs of closely placed pinnae with a terminal one. 
Umbels forming a globose head 4-5 in. diam. . 22. A. congesia. 
Leaves densely imbricating, 4-6 in. long, flabellately divided into 
6-9 leaflets. _Umbels forming a globose head 3-4in. diam... 23. A. Spedeni. 
Leaves densely imbricating, 3-fid to the top of the sheath, 
divisions linear-subulate, pungent-pointed. Umbels forming 
a globose head 2-3 in. diam. * ‘sh + .. 24. A. Dobsoni. 
Leaves densely imbricating, quite entire, 14-4 in. long, concave 
above, rounded beneath. Umbels forming a dense or lobed 
rounded head .. 3 i: ee Re .. 25, A. simplex. 
aoe 
1. A. Wolensoi Hook. f. Handb. N.Z. Fl. (1864) 92.—Stem stout, erect, 
2-5 ft. high, 2-3in. diam. at the base, deeply grooved. Radical leaves. 
numerous, forming a circle of bayonet-like spikes round the base of the 
stem, 1-23 ft. long, pinnate or 2-pinnate at the base, with few secondary 
leaflets ; leaflets 5-15 in. long, }-4 in. wide or more, narrow-linear, acuminate, 
terminating in a long and stout spine, excessively thick and coriaceous, 
rigid, striate, margins rough with minute serrulations; sheaths broad, 
sometimes quite 2 in. across, very thick and coriaceous, produced on each 
side above into a spinous simple or forked narrow-linear leaflet 2-6 in. 
long. Inflorescence a narrow-oblong cylindrical panicle composed of 
mamerous umbels on branched peduncles springing from the axils of spinous 
bracts ; male inflorescence much more lax than the female. Bracts with 
broad sheaths and a 3-5-partite limb, the middle segment much the longest, 
not refracted. Flowers white; calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oblong, }-4 in. 
long; carpels usually one 4-winged the other 3-winged, but sometimes 
both 4-winged or both 3-winged. Vittae 2-4 in the interspaces and 5-6 
on the commissural face.— Lindsay Contr. N.Z. Bot. (1868) 49, t. 1; 
T. Kurk Students’ Fl. (1899) 207; Cheesem. Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 208. 
A. squarrosa var. 6 latifolia Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i (1853) 88. 3 re yeti 
\ : y. Ceca ~ - Wes ¥, 
( Var. eonspieua(7’ Kirk |.c.+Leat-segments ‘not so rigid, with a ad orange or 
red midrib. Bracts bright-orange, often pinnately divided. 
( Var.\maxima7. Kirk lc. Taller and aes 4~10 ft. high or even more, 2-4 in. 
diam. at the base.» Leaves 14-5 ft. long ; segments 2 in. broad or even more, still more 
rigid and pungent. Peduncles and pedicels longer. Fruit larger, 2 in. long. 
Norte AND SoutH Istanps: Common in mountain districts from the East Cape 
to Southland; most abundant between 1000-3000 ft., but ascending to nearly 5000 ft., 
and occasionally coming down to sea-level. Var. conspicua; North Island: Locality 
not stated, Herb. Colenso/ Ruahine Mountains, W. F. Howlett/ South Island: Wanga- 
peka, Kingsley; Mount Murchison, W. Townson! Upper Waimakariri, Cockayne / 
LD aes Var. maxima: Mountain districts from Nelson to Otago, not uncommon. 
Taramea ; Spaniard. December—January. | 
By far the finest species of the genus; easily distinguished from all others by the 
large size and broad leaf-segments. The two varieties described above have a very 
distinct appearance, but the differences are hardly of specific value. At the Broken 
River, Canterbury, I have measured a specimen of var. maxima'nearly 13 ft. high. 
2. A. squarrosa Forst. Char. Gen. (1776) 136, t. $2 stem tall, stout, 
erect, 2-6 ft. high, 2-4in. diam. below, deeply grooved, surrounded at the 
base by the numerous spreading spinous-pointed leaves. Radical leaves 
1-3 ft. long, 2-3-pinnate ; ultimate leaflets crowded, 6-12 in. long or more, 
very narrow-linear, 4-$in. broad, coriaceous and rigid, deeply striate, 
—_ \ ee 
