Wee , 7 - 
BH Onn. Bek. WS, SI S1F- SSS» Cattann .) Biv. We ye. 
688 CORNACEAE. [Griselinia. 
rhachis and pedicels pubescent. Flowers minute ; both male and female 
with petals. Berry 4in. long, oblong. Seed solitary—Hook. f. Handb. | 
N.Z. Fl. (1864) 105; 7. Kirk Forest Fl. (1889) t. 42; Students’ Fl. (1899) 
225. Pukateria littoralis Raoul in Ann. Sct. Nat. Ser. i, 2 (1844) 120. 
NortTH AND SoutH Istanps, STEWART IsLAND: From Mount Tutamoe (Northern 
Wairoa) and the Little Barrier Island southwards, but rare and local to the north of the 
East Cape; abundant in the South Island. Sea-levelto 3500 ft. Kapuka; Papaumu ; 
Broad-leaf. October—November. 
Timber strong, close-grained and durable; frequently used for house-blocks,’ 
fencing-posts, &c. g 
Family LXXIX. ERICACEAE. 
Shrubs or small trees, sometimes low and creeping. Leaves usually 
alternate, sometimes opposite or whorled, rigid, simple, entire or serrate ; 
stipules wanting. Flowers regular, hermaphrodite. Calyx inferior, 
4—5-toothed or -cleft. Corolla gamopetalous, hypogynous, regular, often 
campanulate or urceolate, 4-5-tocthed or -lobed (in seme exotic genera 
divided into 4-5 free petals). Stamens usually double the number of the 
corolla-iobes, rarely the same number, hypogynous or sometimes adnate 
to the base of the corolla; filaments free; anthers 2-celled, opening by 
terminal pores or slits, often furnished with appendages. Ovary superior, 
4—5-celled ; style simple, terminal ; stigma capitate, entire or shortly lobed ; 
ovules usually many, attached to the inner angle of the cell or pendulous 
from the top of the angle. Fruit a capsule or berry, sometimes enclosed 
in the enlarged and succulent calyx (Gaultheria). Seeds usually numerous 
small; albumen fleshy; embryo straight, axile. 
A large family, widely spread over the whole world, especially in temperate and 
cool regions, but singularly rare in Australia and New Zealand. where its place is 
taken by the allied family Epaeridaceae. In the tropics it is principally found on high 
mountains. Genera between 50 and 60; species not far from 1300. The properties 
of the family are unimportant, but it contains-some of the most beautiful shrubs 
cultivated in gardens, as the various kinds of Rhododendron, Azalea, Erica, Arbutus, &ec. 
Of the two genera found in New Zealand, Gaultheria has a wide range in Asia and America, 
and is also found in Australia; Pernetiya is principally South American, but occurs 
in Tasmania as well. 
Fruit dry, capsular, usually enclosed in the enlarged and succulent 
Q calyx, .. x aes ns oe Sy .. 1. GAULTHERIA. 
Fruit a berry, calyx persistent at its base, but not fleshy nor 
enlarged .. a FA a ts Fa .. 2. PERNETTYA. 
1. GAULTHERIA Kalm. 
Erect or procumbent shrubs, often hispid or strigose. Leaves per- 
sistent, alternate, usually serrate or serrulate, coriaceous. Flowers small, 
racemose or axillary and solitary. Calyx 5-lobed or -partite, in fruit usually 
enlarged and more or less succulent and coloured. Corolla urceolate or 
campanulate, 5-lobed; lobes imbricate, spreading or recurved. Stamens 
10, included within the corolla-tube; filaments more or less dilated : 
anthers 2-celled, each cell opening by a terminal or oblique pore and tipped 
with 2 erect awns. Ovary 5-celled, with several ovules in each cell ; 
style cylindric; stigma simple. Capsule 5-celled, loculicidally 5-valved, 
included in the usually enlarged and succulent calyx. Seeds numerous, 
minute, subglobose or obtusely angled. | 
