932. COMPOSITAE, — [Pleurophyllum. 
AUCKLAND AND CAMPBELL IsLANDS: Upland meadows, usually above 500 it., 
and ascending to over 1000 ft., Buchanan ! T. Kirk ! Cockayne, and others. Mac- 
QUARIE ISLAND: Plentiful in most parts of the island, and reaching to almost the 
summits of the hills, Fraser, Scott, A. Hamilton ! H. Hamulton ! 
Easily separated from the preceding by the smaller size, silvery-tomentose 
acuminate leaves, and by the shortef rigid scapes with fewer and smaller heads. The 
long sage-green leaves and large purple flowers render it a very attractive plant. 
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Oks | 7. CELMISIA Cass. => 
ial Perennial herbs, usually tufted or with a short creeping rhizome, rarely 
with a procumbent or suberect branched stem. Leaves all radical and 
rosulate, or cauline and densely imbricated, narrowed into a sheathing 
base, usually clothed beneath with appressed white or buff tomentum. 
Seapes or peduncles long or short, rarely almost wanting, bracteate. Heads 
large, solitary, radiate. Involucre broadly hemispherical; bracts imbri- 
cated in several or many series, narrow, pubescent or cottony or glandular. 
Receptacle flat or convex, pitted. Ray-florets female, in a single row, 
ligulate ; ligule spreading, flat or revolute, often long, always white. Dise- 
florets numerous, hermaphrodite, tubular, 5-lobed. Anthers usually sagit- 
tate at the base, with short tails. Stvle-branches flattened, tipped with 
long or short appendages. Achenes linear, slightly compressed or angled, 
with 1-3 prominent ribs on each side. Pappus copious, of numerous 
unequal scabrid bristles. 
The genus Celmasia, which is confined to New Zealand, with the exception of one 
species found in Australia and Tasmania, forms one of the chief ornaments of the 
montane and alpine flora of the Dominion, the various species usually composing a large 
proportion of the vegetation, especially in the South Island, where the mountain slopes 
and valleys are often whitened for miles from the abundance of their large daisy-like 
flowers. With few exceptions, the species are exceedingly difficult of discrimination. 
This is especially the case with C. coriacea, discolor, petiolata, and spectabilis, all of 
which run into forms which are easily distinguishable by the eye, but which it is 
almost impossible to define in precise language. As the flower-heads are very similar 
throughout the genus, except in size, the specific characters are almost wholly founded 
on the vegetative organs. ‘The size, shape, and texture of the leaves, the nature of the 
tomentum clothing the under-surface, the differences in the leaf-sheaths, the length, 
stoutness, and indumentum of the scapes, and the peculiarities of the involucral bracts 
are all made use of. Of course, these are essentially variable characters, and can only 
be safely employed in combination. But in Celmisia, as in other large genera of the 
New Zealand flora, the species, such as they are, must be regarded as founded on an 
aggregation of several small prevalent characters rather than on conspicuous and 
important differences. 
A. Suffruticose. Stems woody, branched ; branches elongated. Leaves imbricated 
along the branches. 
Stems 3-12in., much branched. Leaves 4-+in., linear- 
subulate, green on both surfaces, glabrous or glandular .. 1. C. lateralis. 
Stems 2-8in., sparingly branched. Leaves erect, 1-4 in. 
long, linear-oblong, white and cottony beneath .. .. 2. C. ramulosa. 
Stems 6—-12in., slender, sparingly branched. Leaves laxly 
imbricating, spreading or reflexed, 4-3 in., lanceolate, 
sparsely clothed with lepidote scales beneath : 3. OC. Gibbsi. 
Stems 1-3 ft., prostrate. Leaves 4-1 in., linear-spathulate, 
obtuse ; margins revolute 
Stems 1-4 ft., procumbent or suberect. Leaves spreading, 
1-13 in., linear, acute ; margins flat .. J ses 5. 
4. C. rupestris, 
Q 
. Walker. 
