Gnaphalium. | COMPOSITAE. 967 
obtuse or the inner acute. Female florets very numerous; hermaphrodite 
ones few, sometimes solitary. Achene slightly compressed, glabrous. 
Pappus-hairs very slender, hardly connate at the base.—Benth. Fl. Austral. 
i (1866) 653; 7. Kirk Students’ Fl. (1899) 300; Cheesem. Man. N.Z. FI. 
(1906) 326. G. involucratum forst. f. Prodr. (1786) 55; A. Rich. FI. 
Nouv. Zel. (1832) 241; A. Cunn. Precur. (1838) n. 453; Raoul Chorxz (1846) 
45; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. 1 (1853) 1389; Handb. N.Z. Fl. (1864) 155. 
G. virgatum Banks and Sol. ex Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel.i (1853) 139. G. lanatum 
Forst. f. Prodr. (1786) 55° a@unn. Precur. (1838) n. 452. G. Cun- 
ninghamii DC. Prodr. vi (1837) 235. panbca = 
KermapDrtc Isuanps, Norta anp SovutH Is~taAnns, STEWART ISLAND, CHATHAM 
Istanps: Abundant throughout from sea-level to 2500 ft. November—January. 
Found also in Norfolk Island, Lord Howe Island, Australia and Tasmania, and 
northwards to the Malay Archipelago, China, and Japan. 
10. G. collinum Lab. Pl. Nov. Holl. 1 (1806) 44, t. 189.—A tufted 
perennial herb 3-12 in. high, usually with creeping and rooting stolons and 
slender erect cottony stems. Leaves mostly radical, very variable in size, 
4-3 1in. long, lanceolate-spathulate or oblong-spathulate, acute or obtuse, 
petiolate, white and cottony on both surfaces or glabrate above; cauline 
leaves much smaller and narrower, linear-spathulate, sessile. Heads small, 
compacted into dense clusters or compound heads similar to those of 
G. japonicum, but smaller and not so compact, and with fewer smaller sub- 
tending floral leaves. Involucres broader than in G. japonicum ; bracts 
linear-oblong, obtuse, scarious and hyaline. Florets and achenes as in 
G. sapomcum.—Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i (1853) 139; Handb. N.Z. Fl. (1864) 
155; Benth. Fl. Austral. i (1866) 654; T. Kirk Students’ Fl. (1899) 300 ; 
Cheesem. Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 327. G. simplex A. Rich. Fl. Nouv. Zel. 
(1832) 237 ; A. Cunn. Precur. (1838) n. 451. 
Var. obscurum 7’. Kirk Students’ Fl. (1899) 300.—Forming grey matted patches 
seldom more than 1 in. high. Leaves $-—? in., linear, glabrate above, grev with appressed 
tomentum beneath. Scape leafy or almost wanting. Heads in terminal fascicles of 
2-4 or solitary. Involucral bracts 3-10, linear, obtuse. 
Var. monocephalum Hook. f. Fl. Tasm. ii (1860) 364.—Very small. Leaves all 
radical, 4in. long, linear, obtuse or acute. Head solitary, sessile or on a slender 
filiform scape 4-1] in. high.—7'. Kirk L.c. 
KERMADEC IsLANDS, NortH AND SoutH IsLanps, Stewart Isnanp, CHATHAM 
IsLANDS: Plentiful from sea-level to 4500 ft. November—March. The two 
varieties not uncommon on the mountains of the South Island. 
Luxuriant forms of this are best distinguished from G. japonicum by being peren- 
nial, by the creeping stolons, smaller glomerules with fewer floral leaves, and by the 
broader involucres. It is also a native of Australia and Tasmania. 
11. RAOULIA Hook. f.' € &€. 
Perennial herbs, usually of small size, either densely tufted and com- 
pacted or creeping and matted. Leaves small, alternate, entire, often 
closely imbricated. Heads small, solitary, terminal, sessile or nearly so, 
heterogamous and discoid. _ Involucre oblong, campanulate or hemispherical ; 
bracts imbricated in 2—many series, the inner ones often with white 
radiating tips. Receptacle narrow, flat or convex, naked. Florets of 
the circumference in 1 or several rows, female, filiform, 23-toothed. 
Disc-florets hermaphrodite or sterile, tubular with a funnel-shaped 5-toothed 
