990 COMPOSITAE. [ Craspedia. 
Var. minor Hook. f. |.c—Small, slender, 6-12 in. high, rarely more. Leaves 
spathulate, membranous, glabrous or sparsely hispid, sometimes with raised viscid 
points, usually without white cottony margins. Compound head small, 4-} in. diam.— 
C. viscosa Col, in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xvi (1884) 333. 
Var, lanata Hook. f. l.c—Everywhere clothed with dense shaggy snow-white 
wool,—C,_ alpina . “= 1 Tand Journ. Bot. vi (1847) 119; Hook. f. Handb, 
N.Z. Fl. (1864) 14 | 
NortH AND 
and Taupo south 
A most vari 
their extreme fi 
numerous intern 
Glandular-pubescent nerves .-- __ 
in leafy panicles, heterogamous, subradiate. Invusu..- ; 
hemispherical ; bracts few, in about 2 rows, herbaceous, glandular-hispia; 
the outer spathulate, spreading; inner erect, concave, enclosing the ray- 
florets. Receptacle small, paleaceous; scales membranous, concave, often 
enclosing the florets. Ray-florets in 1 series, female, tube short, limb 
2-3-fid. Disc-florets hermaphredite, tubular with a campanulate 5-toothed 
mouth. Anthers entire at the base. Style-branches of the hermaphrodite 
florets short, flattened, usually obtuse. Achenes obovoid-oblong, not com- 
pressed, usually curved. Pappus wanting. 
Species probably not more than 2, the one found in New Zealand an almost 
cosmopolitan weed in warm climates, the other confined to Peru. 
1. &. orientalis Linn. Sp. Plant. (1753) 900.—A sparingly branched 
erect annual 1-3 ft. high, with spreading opposite lower branches, more or 
less pubescent in all its parts. Leaves 1-4 in. long, triangular-ovate, the 
upper narrower and oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, cuneate at the base, 
petiolate, membranous, irregularly toothed or lobed or almost entire. Heads 
1tin. diam., yellow; outer involucral bracts usually longer than the 
inner, covered with gland-bearing hairs. Florets small, the rays very short. 
Outer achenes rough.—Benth. Fl. Austral. iii (1866) 535; T. Kirk Students’ 
Fl. (1899) 317; Cheesem. Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 348. 
Krrmapsc Istawps, Norra Isuanp: In various localities as far south as the 
Hast Cape, but not common; usually near the coast. Punawaru. January—March. 
This was treated as a naturalized plant by Hooker, but as it was collected by Banks 
and Solander @uring Cook’s first voyage its nativity is unquestionable. 
18. BIDENS Tourn.) 7 > 7 
Annual or perennial usually erect herbs. Leaves opposite, toothed or 
incised or pinnately divided. Heads corymbosely panicled or subsolitary, 
on long peduncles, heterogamous and radiate, or homogamous and discoid. 
Involucre campanulate or hemispherical; bracts in about 2 series, connate 
at the base, the outer herbaceous, the inner membranous. Receptacle 
flat or convex, paleaceous. Ray-florets when present female or neuter ; 
ligule white or yellow, spreading. Disc-florets hermaphrodite, tubular, 
5-toothed. Anthers usually obtuse at the base. Style-branches of the 
hermaphrodite florets hairy above, with a long or short subulate point. 
