see Black 41.39. Auch. p-£e 
Cesar -  Wiet Was 
Sonchus. | COMPOSITAE. 1031 
* Annual. 
Upper leaves amplexicaul, with rounded auricles. Achenes longi- ~ 
tudinally ribbed, not transversely wrinkled .. Jn .. LL. S. asper. 
Upper leaves amplexicaul, with acute auricles, Achenes longitudin- 
ally ribbed and transversely wrinkled 4 as .. 2, S. oleraceus. 
** Perennial, 
Leaves large, 1-24 ft. ODEs Heads I-13 in, diam. pera : ie 
cels cottony ; : . 3. S. grandifolius. 
ao ate T: S77: 7. ea Piva 2477. 
Potcé.. §. asper Hill Herb. Brit. i, 47.—A tall succulent annual herb 
— — dular 
' raved 
sonchus asper, Hill. cicaul 
nbose 
not native to N.Z. see 1T.N.Z.I. pipet 
with 
pas " 7ESEM. 
vol. 57, Dp. ores as & a Zel. i 
* # = ron cn has 907: 
} Ss a an 
Var. littoralis 7. Kirk in Trans. NZ. Cf net, evi (1894) 265.—Often biennial or 
perennial. Stems rather stout, 1-2 ft. high, sparingly branched ; root thick and fleshy. 
Leaves mostly radical, spreading, 3-7 in. long, linear-oblong or linear-obovate, obtuse 
or acute, finely or coarsely toothed, rather thick, almost fleshy; cauline leaves few, 
acute, amplexicaul. Outer involucral bracts obtuse, inner acute. Achenes longitudin- 
ally ribbed, glabrous.—Students’ FI. (1899) 362 ; Cheesem. Man. N.Z. Fl. (1906) 388. 
NorrH AND Souta IsLanps, STEWART ISLAND, CHATHAM IsLANDS: Abundant 
throughout, from the North Cape southwards ; the variety litforalis confined to maritime 
cliffs. Sow-thistle; Rauroroa; Tawheke; Puwha. Flowers from spring to 
autumn. 
As this was collected by Banks and Solander it must be regarded as indigenous. 
The variety littoralis is a very curious form, and may be entitled to rank as a species, 
as has been suggested by Dr. Cockayne. 
Dyer ee, S. oleraceus Linn. Sp. Plant. (1753) 794.—A tall erect annual herb 
or =) sale 1 ER: re wt sell > 1 FER oa. Ow Le waal a al (S| noaular abave = _ Leaves lanceolate, 
| sped ; 
Sonchus oleraceus, Linn. icles. 
oti et ee ee eS mbel- 
: 5 with 
not native to N.Z. see T.N.Z.1. inally 
fe ar. a 
vol. 57, pe 67. (Ckn. & Allan). 166 ; 
KERMADEC ISLANDS, NORTH AND SOUTH ISLANDS, SLEWARY IsLanv, UnATHAM 
IsnaANnDS: Abundant throughout. Sow-thistle ; Pororua ; Rauriki. Flowers from 
spring to autumn. Perhaps not truly native. 
3. S. grandifoiius 7. Kirk in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xxvi (1894) 266.— 
Rootstock stout, fleshy, creeping, sometimes 2}in. diam. Stem tall, robust, 
succulent, corymbosely branched above, ey ft. high. Radical leaves 
1-24 ft. long, 4-8in. broad; petioles 6-9 in., stout, dilated at the base but 
not amplexicaul : blade oblong or ovate-oblong, irregularly pinnatifid or 
pinnate ; segments 4—6 pairs, broad, overlapping, coarsely doubly serrate 
or dentate, almost spinous-toothed, subcoriaceous, seabrid above, veins 
