APPENDIX, 1039 
Order Polygonales. 
Mostly herbs, sometimes climbers, rarely small woody plants ; leaves 
usually alternate; stipules scarious, forming a tubular sheath round the 
branch. Flowers usually hermaphrodite, but frequently monoecious OF 
dioecious. Perianth regular, 3-6-partite, green or coloured. Stamens 
3-9 inserted near the base of the perianth. Ovary superior, 1-celled ; 
ovule solitary, basal, erect. Fruit a triangular or lenticular nut. Albumen 
mealy. 
33. Polygonaceae. Characters as above. (p. 397.) 
Order Centrospermae. 
Herbs, rarely woody plants; leaves simple, exstipulate. Flowers 
usually perfect. Perianth single, or differentiated into calyx and corolla, 
usually hypogynous, pentamerous. Stamens in | or 2 series. Ovary 
superior, commonly I-celled, with a single basal ovule, or with a free central 
placenta and many campylotropous ovules. Embryo curved, coiled or 
annular. 
34, Chenopodiaceae. Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs ;_ leaves 
alternate or rarely opposite, often succulent or mealy-tomentose. Flowers 
small: bracts often suppressed. Perianth single, calycoid, 2-5-lobed or 
-partite, herbaceous. Stamens as many as the divisions of the perianth 
or fewer. Ovary 1-celled; ovule solitary, basal, amphitropous. Styles 
1-3. Fruit a utricle, l-seeded ; endosperm mealy. (p. 403.) 
35. Amarantaceae. Herbs or shrubs; leaves opposite or alternate, 
usually thin and entire. Flowers small, green or whitish, bracteolate. 
Perianth single, calycoid or sometimes petaloid, 2-5-partite, often dry and 
scarious. Stamens 1-5, usually opposite the perianth-segments, hypo- 
ynous. Ovary l-celled; ovule solitary and basal, or rarely numerous. 
Styles 1-3. Fruit an indehiscent 1-seeded utricle. (p. 412.) 
36. Nyetaginaceae. ‘Trees, shrubs, or herbs; leaves usually opposite, 
exstipulate. Flowers hermaphrodite or unisexual, usually in cymose 
panicles. Perianth single, petaloid, base usually persistent and enclosing — 
the fruit. Stamens variable in number, hypogynous. Ovary superior, 
1-celled ; ovule solitary, basal, erect. (p. 413.) 
~ 37. Aizoaceae. Herbs, rarely undershrubs, often succulent; leaves 
opposite or alternate. Flowers regular, usually hermaphrodite. Calyx- 
lobes 3-5. Petals numerous or wanting. Stamens few or many. Ovary 
inferior in the New Zealand genera, 3-8-celled; ovules 1 or many in 
each cell. Seeds albuminous. (p. 414.) 
38. Portulacaceae. Herbs, rarely woody ; leaves opposite or alter- 
nate, entire. Flowers regular and perfect, but unsymmetrical. Sepals 2, 
rarely more. Petals 4-5, hypogynous. Stamens hypogynous, equal in 
number to the petals or fewer, rarely more. Ovary l-celled; ovules 2 or 
more; styles 2-5. Fruit a capsule, seeds 2-many. (p. 417.) 
39. Caryophyllaceae. Herbs; leaves opposite and entire; stipules 
scarious or wanting. Flowers perfect or rarely unisexual, regular. Sepals 
4-5, persistent, separate or united into a calyx-tube. Petals the same 
number. Stamens hypogynous or perigynous, twice as many as the sepals 
or fewer. Ovary l-celled; ovules usually many; styles 2-5. Fruit a 
capsule ; seeds many, albuminous, (p. 418.) 
