APPENDIX, 1041 
Order Rosales. 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Flowers regular or irregular, usually herma- 
phrodite. Calyx free or adnate to the ovary ; lobes (or sepals) 4-5, rarely 
more. Stamens usually perigynous or epigynous. Carpels 1 or more, 
distinct or united into a compound ovary. 
_ 46. Crassulaceae. Succulent herbs, with entire opposite leaves and no 
stipules. Flowers usually regular. Calyx 3-5-partite. Petals 3-5, sub- 
hypogynous. Stamens the same number as the petals or twice as many. 
Carpels as many as the stamens, distinct, usually with a gland or scale at 
the base of each carpel. Ovules 2 to many. (p. 478.) 
47. Saxifragaceae. Herbs, shrubs, or trees; leaves usually alternate, 
rarely stipulate. Flowers usually regular. Calyx inferior or superior, 
4—5-lobed. Petals 4-5, perigynous or epigynous. Stamens 5-10. Ovary 
2—-5-celled ; ovules usually numerous in each cell. Seeds albuminous. 
(p. 483.) 
48. Pittosporaceae. ‘Trees or shrubs; leaves alternate, exstipulate. 
Flowers regular. Sepals and petals 5 each. Stamens 5; anthers free. 
Fruit a coriaceous or woody 2-4-celled capsule ; placentas the same number 
as the valves. Seeds albuminous; embryo minute. (p. 485.) 
49. Cumoniaceae. Shrubs or trees with opposite or whorled coriaceous 
leaves, usually stipulate. Flowers usually regular, hermaphrodite. Calyx 
4-5-lobed. Petals the same number. Stamens twice the number of the 
petals. Ovary 2-celled; ovules 2-many in each cell. Fruit a capsule. 
(p. 497.) 
50. Rosaceae. Herbs, shrubs, or trees; leaves sim»le or compound, 
usually alternate and stipulate. Flowers generally regular. Calyx 
4-5-lobed ; tube inferior or enclosing the ovary, or (in some non- 
indigenous genera) adnate to the ovary. Petals 4-5. Stamens many, 
rarely few. Ovary of 1 or more free or connate carpels; ovules 1 or more 
in each carpel. Seeds without albumen. (p. 499.) 
51, Leguminosae. Trees, shrubs, or herbs; leaves simp’e or compound, 
usually alternate and stipulate. Flowers irregular and papilionaceous in 
the New Zealand genera. Stamens 10 in the New Zealand genera, all or 
3 of them combined into a tube sheathing the ovary and style. Ovary of 
a single carpel. Fruit a legume. Seeds without any albumen. (p. 512.) 
Order Geraniales. 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Calyx-sepals free and distinct. Corolla when 
present with free petals, but such are absent in the New Zealand species 
of Euphorbiaceae and in the Callitrichaceae. Stamens few, seldom more 
than twice the number of the sepals. Ovary superior, compound ; ovules 
pendulous. 
52. Geraniaceae. Herbs, rarely shrubs; leaves alternate or opposite, 
stipules usually present. Flowers regular or irregular. Sepals 3-5. Petals 
the same number, hypogynous. Stamens usually 10. Ovary 3-5-lobed and 
-celled ; ovules 1-2 In each cell. Capsule splitting elastically from the 
axis into 3-5 cocci or carpels. (p. 531.) 
