APPENDIX. 1103 
IV. GLOSSARY. 
ABERRANT. Deviating from the established rule or type. 
ApnoRMAL. Contrary to rule ; deviating from the usual structure. 
ABorTION. Suppression or imperfect development of any part. 
Aportive. Imperfectly developed, as in the case of stamens which do not bear 
anthers. 
Aprurt. Terminating suddenly as if the end were cut or broken off. 
ABRUPTLY ACUMINATE. Ending in a point arising from a broad extremity. 
ABRUPTLY PINNATE. Applied to a pinnate leaf when it ends with a pair of leaflets, 
ACAULESCENT. Stemless, or without a conspicuous stem. 
AcorgescenT. Enlarging in size with age, as the calyx of some plants after the 
flowering period. | " 
AccuMBENT. Lying against another body ;~applied to cotyledons when their edges 
are placed against or pointing towards the radicle. 
Acrrosg. Needle-shaped, as the leaves of true pines. 
Acurent. A small hard and dry indehiscent 1-celled and 1-seeded fruit. s 
AcutamMypEovs. Having neither calyx nor corolla ; destitute of perianth. 
AoctcuLaR. Needle- or bristle-shaped ; rather more slender than acerose. 
AcINACIFORM. Scimitar-shaped. 
AcotyLtepon.. A plant destitute of cotyledons or seed-lobes ; Cryptogams. 
-AcuLEATE. Furnished with prickles or sharp points, as the stem of a rose. 
AcumMInaTE. Tapering to a gradually diminishing point. 
Acute. Sharply pointed but not drawn out; also applied to any organ having a 
sharp edge or margin. 7 
ADHERENT. Union of dissimilar parts, as when the calyx-tube is joined to the ovary. 
Apnatre. Attached by the whole length; as when anthers have their lobes attached 
along their whole length to the filament, or when stipules adhere by their whole 
length to the petiole. 
ADPRESSED. See APPRESSED. 
ADVENTITIOUS. Of accidental or abnormal occurrence, as when roots are produced 
from the stem or branches. 
AESTIVATION. The. manner in which the parts of a flower are arranged or folded while 
in bud. . 
AFOLIATE. Having no leaves, 
AGGREGATED. Crowded together, but not actually coherent. 
AuaTE. Winged, or having expansions like wings; as sometimes on a stem or petiole, 
or on the fruit or seeds. 
ALBUMEN. The nutritive matter stored within the seed and usually surrounding the 
embryo. 
ALBUMINOUS. Applied to seeds containing albumen. 
ALLIACEOUS. Possessing the smell of garlic or onions. 
AtPINE. Applied to plants peculiar to high altitudes above the limits of forest-growth. 
ALTERNATE. (1.) Applied to leaves when they are placed singly on the stem ; 
not opposite. (2.) Also used with respect to the different parts of the flower, as 
when stamens are alternate with petals—that is, intermediate to them, not opposite. 
ALVEOLATE. Marked like honeycomb ; deeply and closely pitted. 
AmorPHous. Without regular or definite form ; shapeless, 
AmPuisious. Growing equally well in water or on dry lana. 
AMPHITROPAL, AMPHITROPOUS. Applied to the ovule when it is curved so that both 
ends are brought near together. | 
se ean tle Applied to leaves or stipules when the base is dilated and embraces 
the stem. 
ANASTOMOSING. When one vein unites with another, the union forming a reticulation 
or network. 
ANATROPAL, ANATROPOUS. When the ovule is reversed or bent back so that the 
micropyle is close to the hilum and the chalaza at the other end. 
ANDROECIUM. The male system of a flower; the stamens collectively. 
AnpDRoeynous. Having both male and female flowers in the samegmflorescence, as 
in many species of Carex. 
ANEMOPHILOUS. Flowers which are fertilized through the agency of the wind, the 
pollen being conveyed through the air. 
